The Awakening and A Doll House Comparison Essay Essay Example for Free

The Awakening and A Doll House Comparison Essay Essay Women roles have drastically changed since the late 18th and early 19th century. During this time, women did not have the freedom to voice their opinions and be themselves. Today women don’t even have to worry about the rules and limitations like the women had to in this era. Edna in â€Å"The Awakening† by Kate Chopin and Nora in â€Å"A Doll House† by Henrik Ibsen were analogous protagonists. The trials they faced were also very similar. Edna and Nora were both faced with the fact that they face a repressive husband whom they both find and exit strategy for. For Nora this involved abandoning her family and running away, while Edna takes the option that Nora could not do-committing suicide. These distinct texts both show how women were forced to act during their marriage and towards society during this time. â€Å"The Awakening† explores the controversial character, Edna Pontellier’s, desire to find and live fully within her true self. She upsets many nineteenth century expectations for women and their supposed roles. Rebelling against societal norms, Edna finally learns to think of herself as an independent woman. One of her most shocking actions was her denial of her role as a mother and wife. She leaves her husband, Leà ³nce and has an affair with Robert. Due to Roberts constant presence, Edna starts to experience a change within herself. She begins to develop a sense of herself as a whole person. She realizes that she is not satisfied to simply be a wife and a mother, and so she begins to stand up for herself to her husband. Leà ³nce to Edna: â€Å"I can’t permit you to stay out there all night. You must come in the house instantly.† Edna replies â€Å"Leà ³nce go to bed †¦ I mean to stay out here. I don’t wish to go in and I don’t intend to. Don’t speak to me like that again; ill shall not answer you.† (Chopin 25). Her willingness for independence and freedom leads to her disobeying her husband. She realizes that she cannot continue taking orders she does not please to follow which leads to the realization of her marriage making her wonder if she still wants to be with her husband. As Edna begins the process of identifying her true self, the self that exists apart from the identity she maintains as a wife and mother. Unexpectedly, Robert and Edna become extremely close with each other by summers end. Unwilling to further his relationship with a married woman, Robert leaves the country for Mexico. Furthermore, Leà ³nce truly believed he had no obligation to care for his children and that it was  Edna’s duty to do so. â€Å"If it was not a mother’s place to look after the children, whose on earth was it?† (Chopin 7). In society’s eyes, all a man needed to do was support their kids financially while the woman supported them in other ways. Chopin focuses on two other female characters in the story, Adele Ratignolle and Mademoiselle Reisz. These women are examples of how women should be in the nineteenth century. Adele was an example of a motherly woman.† She would gladly sacrifice anything to care for her children, husband, and household, while Edna would not. Edna finds both role models lacking and begins to see that the life of freedom and individuality that she wants goes against society. Not only did society have a specific look on how a women should be, but Leà ³nce as well, towards Edna. â€Å"’You are burnt beyond recognition,† he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage.† This shows how Edna is not an acceptable color according to her husband’s wishes. Edna had specific guidelines to follow and getting a â€Å"tan† gave a different appearance, indicating that the Pontellier family wasn’t maintaining the purity of their blood. At the beginning of â€Å"A Doll House,† everything seems well. Nora and Torvald Helmer seem quite happy together. Torvald speaks to his wife in a rather demeaning way, but she doesnt really seem to mind. The Helmers are both excited because Torvald has gotten a new job as the manager of a bank and now money wont be a concern. Noras old school friend, Mrs. Christine Linde, arrives hoping that Torvald might be able to give her a job. Over the course of their conversation, Nora confesses to Christine that she has a secret. Nora refuses to tell Christine who she borrowed money from, but does explain why she had to borrow it. Early in the Helmers marriage, Torvald got sick and the doctor prescribed a trip south to warmer climates as the only way to save him. At the time, they didnt have the money for such a trip. To save Torvald‘s pride, Nora borrowed money without his knowledge and funded a year in Italy. In order to pay it off, shes been using money from the allowance Torvald gives her. Krogstad turns out to be whom she borrowed the money from. Krogstad is furious because Torvald is going to fire him. He threatens to expose Noras crime (forging her father’s signature after he was dead in order to get the loan) if he loses his job and so begins  blackmailing her. Nora begs Torvald to get Krogstad back, but refuses because he cant stand being around such awful people. Krogstad writes a letter to Torvald telling him the truth and leaves it in his mailbox. Nora distracts her husband from reading it. After the party they have, Torvald reads the letter. He tells Nora that she is a terrible person. He insists that Nora is not to be allowed near the children anymore, because she may corrupt them. Torvald is really happy and forgives Nora because of another letter Krogstad sends later. Nora, however, doesnt forgive Torvald. She tells him that she is leaving him, because theyve never had a real marriage. Shes never been more than a doll in his eyes. â€Å"NORA: I have other duties equally sacred. HELMER: You do not. What duties would they be? NORA: My duties to myself. HELMER: You are a wife and a mother before you are anything else† (Ibsen pg.1138). This reassures how the women are â€Å"chained† to what they should â€Å"be† and should â€Å"do.† She tries to escape but he still tries to restrain the her from doing so. Like Leà ³nce Pontellier, Nora’s husband is also very direct when it comes to Nora knowing her place. These women were denied their basic right to take care of themselves and were forced to be housewives, as were all women of the 19th century. In conclusion, both Edna and Nora experience an awakening during their quest for freedom. Both wives felt trapped by their societal rules and regulations which didn’t allow them to be their true selves. Edna, fighting against the societal structures of motherhood forced her to be defined by her title as wife of Leà ³nce Pontellier and mother of Raoul and Etienne Pontellier, instead of being her own, self-defined individual, caused her to finally escape by committing suicide. Nora, on the other hand, rebelled against society’s norms and walked out leaving her husband and children. Although Edna and Nora had many similarities both of their awakenings led to two different resolutions.

About the bridge and router

About the bridge and router Introduction In this current assignment I will discuss about the bridge and router. This assignment I will explain the definition of what is a bridge and a router in detail. The bridge and router has its own advantages and disadvantages in many ways by looking thru its capability and specification wise. Bridge is a wired connection which is only use for that computer which is connected to it and router is a wireless connection which can be shared by many other computer or laptop. Secondly, I will calculate and find the subnet mask, number address in each subnet and first and last addresses in subnet. 1.The answer is yes it is possible to replace the bridge with a router. Thru coming year our technology is expanding rapidly because of that many alternative way can be done to solve networking problem. I will explain what are a router (refer to figure1.1) and a bridge (refer to figure1.2) individually in performing a task to connect thru the network.   In telecommunication networks of today, the bridge is a device that enables us to connect to the local area network known as local area network to another local area network which uses the same protocol as Ethernet or token ring. You can imagine that the bridge device as being to be able to decide whether a certain context of message from another person to someone else is by going thru to the local area network in your current building or to someone else on the local area network in another building which is located across the street. The bridge examines or checks each message carefully on a local area network, passing thru those which are known to be within the same local area network, and forwarding those which are known to be on the other interconnected local area network. In bridging networks of today, a computer address or a node address have no accurate or specific relationship to location where it is located. For this reason, messages are randomly sent out to every single address located on the current network and only can be accepted by the intended and matching destination node. The bridge learns which addresses are on specific network and create a learning table in order for each subsequent message to be forwarded to the correct network. Bridging networks commonly are always interconnected local area networks since broadcasting each and every message to all available destinations would causes a flood to the larger network with unwanted traffic. For this reason, router networks such as the Internet use a scheme that assigns addresses to nodes so that a message or packet can be forwarded only in one general direction rather than forwarded in all directions. A bridge operate at the data-link level of a network also known as physical network, is by copying a data frame from another network to the next network by moving along the communications path. A bridge contains more overhead and lesser amount of repeater. The bridge processes the packet at only the two layers; the repeater processes each frame at only on one layer. The bridge will need to look for a table and get the forwarding port together for it to regenerate its signal; only the repeater will regenerates the signal. The transparent bridge works by using two processes known as bridge forwarding and bridge learning. If the destination address exists in the forwarding database which is already created, the packet will then be forwarded to the port number to the specific destination host which has been attached. If it doesnt exist in the forwarding database, forwarding will be done on all parts which cause flooding. This process is referred as bridge forwarding. Moreover, as each frame reaches it destination, its source address will indicates where a particular host is located, so that the bridge knows where to forward the frames to that address. This process is called bridge learning. The key features of a transparent bridge is that the stations are not aware of the existence of a transparent bridge and reconfiguration of the bridge is not required because it can be added or removed on its own without knowing. The advantages of bridging is that its self-configuring which doesnt require any skillful technically expertise to configured it because is not as complex as the router. Secondly, the price of a simple bridge device is not expensive at all compared to the router. Thirdly, it isolate collision domain which will reduce the size of collision domain by using micro segmentation in the non-switched network. Fourthly, bridges wont deny the introduction of management or performance information and access control. Fifthly, local area networks interconnected in the bridge are divided and the physical constraints like the number of station, repeater and segment length will not be apply. Sixthly, the bridge manages incoming trafficking and lessens the bandwidth to be wasted by avoiding all unwanted flow of data located in between the network segments. By using this method it can effectively ensure that the optimal performance on both sides of the network segment. Bridges might be functioning jus t like a traffic police on the city street, by controlling the movement of the legitimate data and not allowing all unwanted traffic passing through it. Bandwidth that is wasted will create unwanted delay of time and reduce the performance speed of the current network used. A bridge is therefore can also act as a bandwidth monitor, by channeling important relevant data and discarding rubbish to improve the bandwidth throughput. It also can be thought out as a traffic shaping or a managing firewall. Seventhly, the network bridges improve the functional length of a network by connecting each single local area network segments. A network is possible to be segmented and join together without requiring the need of creating IP subnets or the usage of a router. The network bridges expand the capacity of the network without the requiring for hardware equipment something like cables, and software constraints which is the firewalls. Eighthly, the bridge network is capable of connecting both s imilar and different local area network segments. It is connected, for an instance, an Ethernet segment connected together with a Token Ring segment, which allows both to function as one and by having similar IP address. A bridge connects local area network segments thru many different protocols, a local area network segment including the Internet and a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a local area network segment. The bridge network can also be used to connect two carrier sense multiple access or collision detection (CSMA/ CD) local area network, and a token ring local area networks with a carrier sense multiple access or collision detection (CSMA/ CD) local area network. It is important to connect different segments possessing non-similar protocols for data transmission. The disadvantages of bridging are that the scope of broadcast has no limit in the bridge network. Secondly, extremely large networks are not being scaled in the bridge network. Thirdly, the bridge network delays the length of time for the action to do buffering and processing. Fourthly, repeater and hubs cost a lesser amount of price compared to buying a bridge.   Fifthly, a complex network topology can pose a problem for transparent bridges. For example, multiple paths that are located in between the transparent bridges and local area network can cause the bridge looping. The spanning tree protocol is to help in reducing the problems with complicated topologies. In packet-switching networks such as the Internet which connect to the world wide web, the router is a device that is capable, in some cases, software that are inside the computer, so that it determines from one network to another network point in which a single packet should be   forwarded toward its right destination. The router is connected with at least two networks or more networks and it determine which way to send each packet containing the information based on its own knowledge of the current condition of the working networks that it is connected to. A router can be located at any gateway in where one network can be met with another network, including each point-of-presence on the Internet will surfing in the World Wide Web (WWW). A router is most of the time is included as a fraction from the network switch. The router sometimes can create or maintain the table for the current routes used and its own conditions and using the information together with distance and cost the algorithm to decide on its own to choose the best route for each packet thats been given. Typically, a single packet sometimes moves through a specific number of network points with the use of routers before reaching at its currently set destination. Routing will function by associating with the Network layer which is located in layer 3 where it is in the standard model of network programming, it is called the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. A layer-3 switch allows the switch to be able to perform routing functions properly. An edge router is another kind of router that interfaces with an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. A brouter is combined with a bridge network and a router. For the home computer users and business computer users which owned a high-speed Internet connection by using a cable, satellite, or digital subscribe line (DSL), the router can be like a hardware firewall. This fact is true because even though if the home or the business owned only a single computer at home or at work place. Out of many of the engineers trust that the usage of a router provides a higher protection level against hacking by hacker compare to a software firewall inside the computer, because none of the computer Internet Protocol address are easy to be revealed to the Internet. This makes the port scan which is a technique for exploring weaknesses almost essentially impossible to be done. In addition, a router does not simply suck up the resources in the computer as a software firewall does. Commercially manufactured routers are easily to be installed, its sold at a reasonable price, and made available for hard-wired network or wireless networks. The advantage of using a router is that the data can be travel between different networks, so that you can use the local area network and wide area network connectivity at the same time. The router has many different type of connections which can be connected to a lot of architecture, many kind of media from the internet and also for internal use within an organization. The router is useful for transferring data to others because it makes its own decision by taking the best route and paths in order to get the correct data to the target node. Router has domain that will cause smaller collisions. Wireless Internet also known as the router provides super quick broadband speed, approaching up to two megabytes per second or even quicker. More and more customers are hoping for the broader bandwidth, so the number should slowly crawl up steadily over for the next few months or years to come. Wireless internet is more reasonable and has better performance wise over the satellite broadband , this is because satellite signals typically needs to travel around tens of thousands of miles away. Wireless internet is also extremely responsive, when you are launching up the web pages, downloading emails is quicker, and able to engage in teleconferencing or video conferencing over the internet, your wireless internet system will be able to yield ultra quick transmission. Weather condition, radio frequencies distraction, and traffic congestion can all impede wireless internet flow. Moreover, with the building of transmission towers across each nation, it safe to say that if people who live within a average proximity of an urban area, those people will be more closer to the wireless Internet tower. The wireless Internet broadband service allows rural Web surfers a certain way to get into the high speed telecommunications without requiring to lay down the fiber or reconfiguring in the public switched telephone network system according to the updated digital subscribe line (DSL) sta ndards. Thus, sending communications to a much smaller town in certain area which lacks of cable infrastructure or merely seeking to dodge the slow speed and sometimes complicate the plans associated with digital subscribe line (DSL), wireless Internet is just a beautiful method to boost your surfing time. The disadvantages of a router is because of the cost of the router will be more as it is more expensive compared to the hub, bridge switch. The router has more bandwidth when it is interconnected with many buildings or when it is doing some updating.The router must have a larger latency during the time when there are a lot of packets to be sorted. With the help of wireless Internet service, there still the problem of someone with bad intention, inside within the wireless traffic, hacking to get into your own connection from a distance away and its done by a person known as a hacker. So, you will need to make sure that youre using the wireless security to make sure all the private information in it is kept safe from other stranger viewers such as hacker. There are many available firewalls which work and perform task better enough for this specific purpose or you can just go look into by using the network system which is able to create a password protected connections. Verizon wireless and Sprint wireless are two out of many popular wireless companies in the business of today. Verizon wireless offers several different kinds of wireless devices which are often used by customer. Hand phones and wireless broadband Internet are also very popular services that they currently offering. Not only that they also provide service for personal digital assistant (PDA) and wireless personal computer (PC) cards. Wireless technology can appear in many different kind of various forms as well. You will be able to find wireless speakers for the stereo system also, wireless headphones for communicating, wireless receivers and transmitters and even microphones to talk over the net. You can also find wireless computer mouse, wireless keyboards, satellite television (TV), cordless telephones and even the garage door controller without manually doing it. In the next coming generation will probably bring us to a world filled with many kind of wireless technology devices. H ard wired devices will in the end up as being a device or a thing from the past generation, once wireless technology will enlarge. As the wireless Internet technology improves, personal digital assistants (PDA), blackberry devices, and other well known hand phones or personal computer (PC) hybrids will likely depend on it increasingly on non-fiber based transmissions. Thus by learning yourself for now about the current wireless Internet trends and developing initiatives, that you can knowingly position yourself as the earliest adopter of the next generation of Wi-Fi concerned technologies. Understanding what is what at its cutting edge of telecom tech development will also fill your overall investment portfolio. Bridge device has some similarity with a router, but it does not analyze the data that is being forwarded. Because of this, bridges are typically quicker at transferring data, than but not as versatile as a router. For example, the bridge cannot work as a firewall like most of the routers can in which show the disadvantages of the bridge compare to the router. A bridge is capable for transferring data between different protocols such as a Token Ring and Ethernet network. A router on the other hand are like traffic police, they examine each single packet of data, get the accurate destination address and forwards it thru the network to be sent to the right address. Bridging and routing are both method of performing data control, but it work through many kind of different methods. Bridging takes place at Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model Layer 2 which is referred as data-link layer while routing takes place at the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model Layer 3 which is referred as network layer. This difference the meaning of a bridge and a router where a bridge directs frames by following the hardware assigned media control access (MAC) addresses while a router makes its own decisions based on the arbitrarily assigned internet protocol (IP) Addresses. As a result of that, bridges are not bothered with and are not able to recognize networks while routers can capable of doing that. Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model Layer 2 is the protocol layer which will transfer the data located between the adjacent network nodes in the wide area network (WAN) or in between the nodes on similar local area network (LAN) segment. Data link layer also provides functional and procedural means to move the data between network entities and sometimes provide the means to spot and mostly correct errors that may happen in the Physical Layer. Data link layer is also related with local delivery of frames in between the device on similar local area network (LAN). Data link frames, as these protocol data units are used to be referred as, will not go over the limit of a local network. Inter-network routing and global addressing are bigger layer functions, allowing data link protocols to concentrate on local delivery, addressing, and media arbitration. By using this way, the data link layer is analogous to specific neighborhood traffic cop; it endeavors to arbitrate in between parties contending for gaining access to the medium. When a devices attempt to make use of a medium during the same time, frame collisions happen. Data link protocols specify how devices spot and heal from such collisions, but it will not stop it from occurring. Delivery of frames from layer 2 devices can affect the use of unambiguous hardware addresses. The frames header will contains source and location addresses that will show which device originated the frame and which device can be ignore to get and process it. In other word, the hierarchical and routable addresses from the network layer, layer two addresses are flat, meaning theres no part of the address that might be able to be used in order to find out the logical or physical group to which the address come from. The data link also provides data transfer moving across the physical link. That will be able to transfer many data link protocols which do not have acknowledgments of successful frame reception and acceptance, and certain amount of the data link protocols maybe will not even have any form of checksum to find or scan for the transmission errors. In this case, higher-level protocols will provide flow control, error finding, and acknowledgments and retransmission. Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model Layer 3 is the network layer job is to do end-to-end packet sending including routing thru intermediate hosts, where else the data link layer job is to do node-to-node frame sending on similar links. The network layer will also provides functional and procedural means of transferring changeable length data sequences from one source to one location host thru a single or multiple network while maintaining the standard of the service and error control functions. This difference the meaning of a bridge and a router where a bridge directs frames by following the hardware assigned media control access (MAC) addresses while a router makes its own decisions based on the arbitrarily assigned internet protocol (IP) Addresses. As a result of that, bridges are not bothered with and are not able to recognize networks while routers can capable of doing that. When designing or creating a network, one can choose to insert multiple segments into a single bridged network or to divide them into many different networks interconnected by using routers. If a host is physically transferred from the current network area to next network in a routed network, it has to obtain a new internet protocol (IP) address; if the system has been transferred within the bridged network, it doesnt have to be change or modified anything. The consequence which by replacing a bridge with a router is that the router will cost more expensive than the price of a bridge and more complex to be set up or understand compared to a bridge. Secondly, router operates only at the first three-layers of the network while the bridge operates only at the first two layer of the network. Thirdly, is that router are not created to provide direct filtering compared to a bridge which does it. Fourthly, a router normally requires a longer amount of time which makes it time consuming in order for it to search for the routing table compared to searching for the filtering table which takes up lesser amount of time to be searched. Fifthly, a router is required to decapsulate and encapsulates the specific frame and modified the current physical addresses in the frame because the physical addresses in the arriving frame define the old node and the present router; both must be change to the physical addresses following the current router and the n ext hop. The bridge does not modify the current physical addresses. Changing addresses, and other fields, in the frame means causing a lot of unwanted overhead. 2a) Log ² 500=8.95 extras 1s=9 possible subnets: 29=512 mask: 9+8=/17 b) 232-17=215=32768 addresses for each subnet c) The first subnet: The first address is the starting address of the block. 16. 0. 0. 0 In order to find the last address, you need to write 32,767 (one lesser than the number of addresses in each subnet) in base 256 (0.0.127.255) and adding it with the first address (in base 256). First address in subnet 1:  16.0.0.0 Number of addresses:  0.0.127. 255 Last address in subnet1:  16.0.127.255 d) The last subnet: Note that the subnet 500 will not be the last possible subnet; but it will be the last subnet used by the organization. In order to find the first address in subnet 500, you will need to add 16,351,232 (499 ÃÆ'- 32678) in base 256 (0. 249.128.0) into the first address in subnet First address in subnet 1:  16.0.0.0 Number of addresses:  0.249.128.0 First address in subnet 500: 16.249.128.0 Now you can be able to calculate the last address in subnet 500. First address in subnet 500:16.249.128.0 Number of addresses: 0.0.127.255 Last address in subnet 500: 16.249.255.255 Conclusion In conclusion, we learn that bridges and router has their own advantages over each other. For example, the bridge will not be distracted by any other device which will intercept the connection because it uses cable to connect to the network without moving thru the air. Another example is that the router is able to be connected by many other computers within a certain range in distance unlike bridge which is able to be used by a single connected computer only. There are consequences of replacing the bridge with the router is that the router will cost more than the price of the bridge. Abstract In telecommunication networks of today, the bridge is a device that enables us to connect to the local area network. The bridge examines or checks each message carefully on a local area network. In bridging networks of today, a node address have no accurate relationship to location where it is located. Bridging networks commonly are always interconnected local area networks. A bridge operates at the data-link level of a network by copying a data frame from another network to the next network. A bridge contains more overhead and lesser amount of repeater. The transparent bridge works by using two processes known as bridge forwarding and bridge learning. The advantages of bridging is that its self-configuring which doesnt require any skillful technically expertise. The disadvantages of bridging are that the scope of broadcast has no limit. The router is connected with at least two networks or more networks and it determine which way to send each packet. Routing will function by associa ting with the Network layer which is located in layer 3 where it is called the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The advantage of using a router is that the data can be travel between different networks. The disadvantages of a router is because of the cost of the router is more expensive than the hub. Bridging and routing are both method of performing data control. Bridging takes place at Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model Layer 2 while routing takes place at the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model Layer 3. Protocol layer will transfer the data located between the adjacent network nodes and network layer job is to do end-to-end packet sending. The consequence which by replacing a bridge with a router is that the router will cost more expensive. Reference 1) Wikianswer What are the Advantages of routers over bridges[online]. Available from:http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_Advantages_of_routers_over_bridges 2) Wikipedia Bridging (networking)[online]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridging_(networking) 3) SearchSecurity What is bridge?[online]. Available from: http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci211705,00.html 4) SearchNetworking What is router?[online]. Available from: http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci212924,00.html 5) Mcgraw hill Connecting LANs, Backbone Networks, and Virtual Networks[online].Available from:http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/dl/free/0072967757/281778/SolStd15.pdf 6) Wapedia Wiki:Bridging(networking)[online]. Available   from:http://wapedia.mobi/en/Bridging_(networking) 7) eHow The Advantages of a Network Bridge[online]. Available from: http://www.ehow.com/list_6023005_advantages-network-bridge.html 8) blurtit What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using A Router?[online]. Available from: http://www.blurtit.com/q7578003.html 9) zimbio Advantages And Disadvantages For Wireless Internet[online]. Available from:http://www.zimbio.com/Keyword+Marketing/articles/5/Advantages+Disadvantages+Wireless+Internet 10) Wikipedia Network Layer[online]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Layer 11) Wikipedia Data Link Layer[online]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Link_Layer 12) (figure1.1) Available from:http://www.belindahaikes.com/VisualCultureandTechnology/VCT1998/68573-router-diagram.gif 13)(figure1.2) Available from:http://www.oreillynet.com/network/2001/03/16/graphics/Figure4_2.jpg

Importance of a College Degree

Importance of a College Degree The Importance of a College Degree There are many things that will affect our lives. College degree is the most important of these factors. College education plays a critical role in our lives as well as a key opens many doors of opportunity to success in the future and allows us to explore everything surrounding. With rapid development in economic, college degree has become the necessary requirement in securing for finding a better job. People with college graduated are hired in at a higher paying position and are considered to be much more stable employers. By attending in college, people will have more access to recourse and base on that, they can make many education decide that will lead them to a brighter future. For some people, going to college wastes too much of their time and money. Although it does spend a lot, I believe that college education is a good investment of time and money. Attending in college education brings us many good things like a career, advancement and knowledge. â€Å"Higher education is perceived as extremely important, and for most people a college education has become the necessary admission ticket to good jobs†. (Alan Hall) Nowadays, humans life is becoming more diverse with rapid growth in all areas like technology, economy and society; thus, the marketplace and workforce are becoming more expanding. Many of todays jobs now require people should have higher education requirements before the company will consider hiring them. It is also a basic degree for everyone to continue their education to explore the carrier and getting higher on their working position. Because the existing long-term ability and the success of any organization are all depended on the experience and skill of all their employees. Consequently, for people with a college degree will likely have more chance to find a good job as well as a better standing in company than a high school graduate. From the government study that showed, there is a substantial gap of i ncome between high school degree and a college degree. The average annual earnings of the ages from 25 to 32 for full time working employees who has a college degree are $17,500 greater than employees who has only a high school diploma or less than. Also, the rate of unemployment of people who has a college degree among 25 to 32 years is almost four times less than whom without the college degree, 3.8 percent in versus 12.2 percent. Based on the information that was given by the government, the fact that the employees need to have a college degree are more and more important nowadays. In addition, the other study from the measure of economic well-being and career attainment, employees who have a college degree are more likely to explore about their job than their peers who only have a high school diploma or less than. In contrast, employees without a college degree are more than about three times compare with those who has a college degree saying their job is just working for a livi ng. Also, people who has a college degree to say that college education is very useful and assist them in preparing for work and career. Moreover, the share living in poverty of bachelor’s degree or more is 5.8 percent, two-year degree is 14.7 percent and a high school graduate is 21.8 percent, which is more than three times from college graduates. This is a big gap of life’s quality between college graduates and high school diploma. As the results, this is a clear answer for those who consider about the value of attending college because of the debt from tuition and time wasting. College degree not only help people to improve their life, income and working position, but it also helps organizations in the job management because it is easier to train knowledgeable employees. Moreover, obtaining a college degree will help people open a bright future with a great number of work opportunity. It helps people to get more training skills and experience to apply for the job. B esides, people can benefit from a college education such as having a good place for working with office buildings, air conditioning and a better condition that will help them work better at their job. When people have a college degree, they will feel more confident and have a strong sense of pride by themselves. Not only the pride from themselves but also the pride from their families because they are maybe the first one in their family to graduate from college. Base on the critical thinking and reasoning skill that they have learned in college, they are more willing to work and help others without the shame of knowledge lacking. Being able to help others mean that they will see themselves as a beneficial of a society and they will live without the regress of the time that they spent in college. Most of people nowadays think that college education helps them only with career opportunities, higher earning, but they do not know that college education also helps them access to healthcare and more likely to adopt healthy habits. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National for Health Statistic has studied that people who has a college degree or higher lives about nine years longer than those who do not graduate from college. The much higher number of folks who have a high school diploma or less are smokers, opposed to only 9% of those who graduated from college. The householders that the parent have a bachelor’s degree or higher tend to have lower percentages of obese children. The survey shows that children who are born and rise with the parent who graduated from college are healthier, performer better academically, and more likely to attend to college than children of those parents who have not had any degree. College education will give people better equips to navigate in their life. They will learn more about themselves and people around them. It will boost up their confidence, improve their communication skill, feeling alive; all of these things will lead to happiness, less stress, greater self-fulfillment. Education not only keeps people engaged in life, but it also improves their quality of life. Compare to high school graduates, college graduates have greater participation in leisure and artistic activities and more willing to community service and leadership with volunteer work, and the most important factor that college graduates tend to have less criminal activity and incarceration. Higher education not only help people to have a better quality of life, higher standard living, but it also helps the society with less criminal activities and more volunteer works. In addition, during the learning time for a college education, student has the opportunity to learn and work with a lot of people from diverse backgrounds. They can exchange many good things each other such as culture, traditional and learning skills. By working collaboratively with each other, it also helps students developing team skills. These teaming skills will help student to adapt easily with changing or different environments as well as help student to work within a variety of organizational cultures and different management styles. Our life starts with learning at the first day when we are born with everything surroundings. Through college, we become more maturity to find out who we are and how to get successful. In my conclusion, I believe college degree is important and people should get it because it offers us many great benefits. College education helps people to obtain a quality life and bright future. Attending college education systems also teach great skills that are necessary for having a better job and being successful in life. Works Cited Alan, Hall. [Article] The Education Industry Shows Signs of Collapse.Socionomics Institute RSS. N.p., Feb. 2011. Web. 22 Oct. 2014. Danielle, Kurtzleben. Income Gap Between Young College and High School Grads Widens.US News. U.S.News World Report, 11 Feb. 2014. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. Tami, Luhby. College Degree = $650,000 More in Earnings Economy.Economy RSS. N.p., 9 Mar. 2012. Web. 22 Oct. 2014. Rampell, Catherine. College Graduates Fare Well in Jobs Market, Even Through Recession.The New York Times. The New York Times, 03 May 2013. Web. 22 Oct. 2014. Rustigan, Mike. If Youve Got a Trade, Youve Got It Made'Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 13 Jan. 2010. Web. 22 Oct. 2014.

Marc Reisners Coming Undammed :: Environmental Ecology Essays

Marc Reisner's Coming Undammed A dam is a barrier constructed across a waterway to control the flow or raise the level of water. (Dictionary 1) They are put in place with much care and patience. A dam is very carefully planned out. Where they are going to be placed? What type of soil it is going to be constructed in? When the plans are drawn out, every detail is gone over with a fine tooth comb. Marc Reisner has written an essay titled Coming Undammed, is an essay about him talking how he supports dam removals across the country. He has made some ideas about why he sustains his opinion, some of which I agree with, but mainly I oppose. He starts off by talking about a dam that he had visited on the Elwha River, which has two dams within it. In the upper part of the river, the Glines Canyon dam, and in the lower dam just called the Elwha. His first point against the building of dams is how the silt in the ground surrounding this dam has begun to leak into the dam. Which he says will lead to big slurrying of the water and will eventually â€Å"add millions of dollars to the cost of decommissioning.† (Reisner 382) This may be the case, but is only the case in this instance that he has come across. The ground of all other dams is not made up of the same material as every other dam in the nation. The dirt in New York doesn’t have the same makeup as the dirt of the Hoover dam in Nevada. The next idea that he had for opposing dams are the expunging of fisheries where the dams are. He gave the example of how â€Å"before the dams went in, the Elwha River churned out salmon as the Chesapeake Bay did crabs.† (Reisner 382) He also goes on to say that the fish were large and there were several types of fish with in the river. He concludes this point by saying that when the dams were built up, it shut off the fish habitation within the river and reducing the fish numbers. I agree that with him that the number of fish would be decreased with a dam being built. I think that the amount wouldn’t be that high to cause a major problem.

The Exploration of Hernando de Soto Essay example -- American America

The Exploration of Hernando de Soto In 1539 Hernando de Soto and five hundred adventurers began on a journey of exploration that would take 4 years and would travel through 10 states in the southeast United States. His goal was to discover a source of wealth, preferably gold, and around his mines establish a settlement. During his travels through La Florida he encountered numerous groups of native peoples, making friends of some and enemies of others. His expedition was not the first in La Florida; however, it was the most extensive. In its aftermath, thousands of Indians would die by disease that the Spaniards brought from the Old World. De Soto would initially be remembered as a great explorer but, would be later viewed as a destroyer of native culture. However, in truth de Soto was neither a hero or a villain but rather an adventurer. De Soto was born somewhere around the year 1500 in Jerez de los Caballeros in Extremadura in what is now Spain (Milanich & Hudson 26). Contemporaries of de Soto would include Cortez, Balboa, and Francisco Pizzaro with whom he would share a great adventure. De Soto's ancestors had been part of the reconquista and as aristocrats many had been knighted for their part in driving the Moors from the Iberian Peninsula (Milanich & Hudson 26). Hernando would have played no part in the expulsion of the Moors; however, family legacy would have played no small part in developing his frame of reference. It is thought that by the time do Soto was fourteen he was on his way to the new world. In 1514 de Soto sailed with the new governor of modern day Panama. Six years later he was a captain who because of his part in military action against the Indians of Panama had earned the right to own Indian Sl... ...e seen as an adventurer or an entrepreneur trying to make good on his investment. Works Cited: Milanich, Jerald T. and Charles Hudson. Hernando de Soto and the Indians of Florida. Gainesville: U. of Florida P, 1993. Milanich, Jerald T. and Susan Milbrath., ed. First Encounters: Spanish Exploration in the Caribbean and the United States1492-1570. Gainesville: U of Florida P, 1989. Shipp, Bernard. The History of Hernando de Soto and Florida. Philadelphia: Lindsay, 1881. Varner, John G. and Jeanette Varner., trans., ed. The Florida of the Inca. Austin: U of Texas P, 1951. Verano, John W. and Douglas H. Ubelaker., ed. Disease and Demography in the Americas. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992. Viola, Herman J. and Carolyn Martolis., ed. Seeds of Change: Five Hundred Years Since Columbus. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991.

Improving homeland security: challenges and improvement Essay

The United States of America had its share of enemies since it was considered as the new military superpower. But with regards to intelligence work and the ability to thwart an attack by an external army nothing was as dramatic as the Pearl Harbor attack in 1941. It was a painful lesson in intelligence failure and past presidents vowed it will never happen again. But when 9/11 shook the nation, with an attack closer to home, many are wondering who dropped the ball in terms of intelligence work. This paper will look at the major challenges faced by the US intelligence community and the subsequent changes and transformation initiated by government officials to bring upon a marked improvement when it comes to information gathering and preventing future attacks in the US homeland. Before going any further it is important to examine the historical background of US intelligence and how it was shaped by global events especially during World War II and the Cold War with the former Union Soviet Socialists Republic of Russia. The discussion will then come in sharp focus to the events surrounding the infamous September 11, 2001 attacks. Background At the turn of the century, the American government, buoyed by the economic progress from the Industrial Age began to rise as a superpower. It was considered by many in the global arena as a force to contend with. Yet it took an unprovoked attack from an Imperial Army of Japan to finally force into everyone’s consciousness that indeed America is both feared and respected. So, one Sunday morning, more than sixty years ago, Hawaii – part of the Union yet situated far away in the Pacific – was mercilessly bombed by Japanese planes. The former President Franklin D. Roosevelt was right in denouncing the surprise attack as a day of infamy. There was no doubt that it was a day of ill repute as America was rudely made aware of their fast rising status. And with it comes enemies who perceive America as a threat or a country guilty of exploiting others. Whatever the perception, the US government will have to defend itself from enemies both foreign and domestic. Intelligence Failure In the aftermath of the Pearl Harbor attack, the U. S. intelligence community was severely criticized for failing to warn the nation of an impending attack from the Japanese aggressors. It was found out late that there was enough intelligence gathered to have alerted the army base there, but it was largely ignored. This is a classic example of intelligence failure and the consequence of which lingers on for a long time. The Pearl Harbor incident was the catalyst that transformed the US Intelligence community. From then on the intelligence gathering capability of the United States of America was forced to improve. And then again, complacency is the predictable effect of success. When America’s chief nemesis the USSR was toppled down, America finds itself in unfamiliar territory, a world where there is no one to challenge and serve as a counter-balance to America’s military superiority. When everything was quiet no one was able to anticipate that it was merely the calm before the storm so to speak. History eerily repeated itself, the infamy of Pearl Harbor was relived again and this time it was not a thousand miles away from the center of America but the enemy struck the economic nerve center of the nation. It was the same cowardly attack that stunned an unprepared government and its people. Predictably, just as it was in Pearl Harbor, there were also a great number of casualties. In spite of the previous changes and improvements, the US Intelligence community was again caught flat footed. Intelligent Work According to Michael Turner intelligence gathering can have a variety of definitions but for the professional it is encapsulated in the following statements: †¦intelligence is a particular kind of information that helps to inform, instruct, and educate the policy world. To consumers of intelligence – the policy makers – intelligence is that and more. To political leaders [†¦] a political liability, depending on whether intelligence information helps or hinders the fulfillment of political goals (2005, p. 3). Intelligence gathering is therefore a tool that helps create certainty in a very uncertain world. It follows therefore that intelligence gathering is not merely the action of collecting data but would also mean the interpretation of the same. This aspect of intelligence gathering requires attention and the neglect of which is the root of many intelligence failures. It is simply not enough to have data but there must also be an equally effective means of interpreting the said information. Adapting to Change For thousands of years the nature of warfare remained constant. Thus, two opposing camps fight it out in the battlefield. There was the effective use of troop movement and the use of military hardware. The commander who can utilize men and resources effectively wins the battle and ultimately the war. But since 9/11 the world has been rudely awakened to a different type of warfare. It is guerilla tactics brought into urban centers and far away from the traditional fields of war. If this is the new face of war then intelligence gathering must also be transformed to adapt to it. Intelligence gathering must now be geared towards an enemy led not by a traditional army but extremists who will fight for a cause that sometimes transcend national boundaries. Rendered Ineffective Aside from the guerilla tactics used by the members of the Al-Qaeda and other terrorist groups another reason for the failure of the US response were the laws that prevented for a more thorough investigation of suspicious characters. The strength of America which is the significant number of civil liberties enjoyed by its citizens became the liability that was exploited by the terrorists. In fact the 9/11 Commission pointed out that there were laws that were enacted to curtail some of the investigative powers of the FBI. According to the 9/11 Commission, â€Å"The FBI was criticized, rightly, for the overzealous domestic intelligence investigations disclosed during the 1970s. The pendulum swung away from those types of investigations during the 1980s and 1990s† (see 9/11 Commission Report). The FBI was then forced to take on kids gloves when treating suspected terrorists. Al-Qaeda on the other hand perceived these new developments as weaknesses they can exploit. Aside from ineffective laws the US Intelligence community has to deal with a host of other problems that includes 1) the improper analysis of information and intelligence; 2) the lack of coordination between government agencies; and 3) the absence of system where law enforcement agencies as well as counter-terror groups can share information. Human Intelligence But the most significant intelligence source with regards to the topic is â€Å"HUMINT† or human intelligence. And the reason is easy to understand – there are a lot of problematic factors related to this type of intelligence. First of all most information gathered through this method can be considered as secondary. There must be a way of processing raw data in order to determine its accuracy. In this regard there is now a move to develop technical and human resources that will be able to fully analyze â€Å"humint† as expounded in the following statements: The very nature of the transnational threat demands that we have analysts with language capabilities and are knowledge to understand local situations in relationship to global, transnational, and international trends and impacts. Analysts need a professional network that transcends territorial borders, and they need to be comfortable turning to local as well as global information (Sands, 2005, p. 75).

Developmental Psychology and Children Essay

1.1 An explanation of the legal status and principles of the relevant Early Years Framework and why the early years frameworks emphasise a personal and individual approach to learning development. The department of Education have issued a statutory Framework for Nursery settings, known as the Early Years Foundation Stage. The framework sets the legal requirements for the care of young children relating to Learning, Development and Welfare. The EYFS framework sets the UK standards for learning, development and care for children from birth to five. The curriculum is built around four principles: 1.A Unique Child 2.Positive Relationships 3.Enabling Environments 4.Learning and Development To give a basic understanding of the four principles, I will explain them below: A Unique Child You should focus on how children develop and recognise they are all different, but should be treated equally. Positive relationships and good communication are vital. Children need to learn about risks and safety, how to make good choices and how to stick to boundaries. Positive Relationships The theme is about children learning to manage their feelings and build relationships. You should respect all kinds of families and aim to develop a positive two-way relationship with parents. You will support, listen and work with the children to help them learn.Have a nominated key carer for each child to ensure they have the opportunity of building a close relationship and are well monitored during their time with you. Enabling Environments Plan and check on each child’s progress and make every attempt to involve parents and the local community. Ensure that inside and outside spaces of the nursery are safe, interesting and engaging. Learning and Development Focus on ensuring young children learn through play and exploration, with support for each individual. You should encourage children to develop imagination, to get actively involved in learning and to make decisions. Make every attempt to develop children’s creative and critical thinking, balancing the need for both the children and adults to lead the learning. Always work towards the following specific goals to help keep within the framework: †¢Personal, Social and Emotional Development, helping to build confidence, concentration, independence and respect. †¢Communication, Language and Literacy, developing speaking and listening skills and beginning to read and write. †¢Problem Solving, Reasoning and Numeracy, focusing on number work, mathematical ideas and thinking. †¢Knowledge and Understanding of the World, helping children investigate and think about their place in the world. †¢Physical Development, relating to developing physical skills and understanding. †¢Creative Development, centred around building children’s imagination. †¢Welfare, ensuring we are all aware of our responsibility for children’s welfare. We will look after your child properly and help them to stay healthy. We also ensure the Red House is a safe and positive place for children