Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay

Introduction The company, Lemon Lovin’ Life, is a lemonade stand that is in the beverage business. Being that it is a popular drink and the low cost of starting a lemonade business, there is competition making it quite competitive in the market. This report outlines the company’s branding strategy, identification of possible new locations, promotional plans, and employee training opportunities. Branding Strategy To create a branding strategy for Lemon Lovin’ Life it will also consists of the marketing mix, namely, product, place, and promotion. Lemon Lovin’ Life has a reasonable size and will be priced competitively. It will be known for its healthy, natural, delicious, and well-known taste. A focus of the drink is to get it to be appreciated not only during the summer months, but rather, the whole year round. Highlighting its health benefits with increase consumer’s interest into the product. If this investment is success, Lemon Lovin’ Life could expand by adding a twist to the lemonade drinks. For instance, a lemonade drink can have a combination of lemon and strawberry, lemon and pineapple but always focusing on lemon as the main flavor. Ideally the lemonade stand will be placed in front of the owner’s house perhaps near a tree for shade. Attracting more consumers, being that they won’t have to stand under the blazing sun. For marketing purposes, flyers and posters will be distributed in various strategic places in the neighborhood along with calling friends and family. Creating a page on Facebook, a Twitter account, and Instagram, among others, will also heavily use social media sites. Opportunities for New Locations Lemon Lovin’ Life’s goal is to reach as many customers as possible in order to address the changing lifestyle choices that mainly aim to have healthy living. The new locations must consider that the target market has access to the lemonade whenever they’d like. This strategy will already tap a number of customers ranging from children, mothers buying for their families, health buffs, and young people who can already make their own purchases (Bovee & Thill, 2013, p. 346). Promotion Plans Usually local residents support new business ventures and Lemon Lovin’ Life has $10,000 to spend for advertising. Considering the product theme various marketing vehicles will be utilized to communicate the message, image, and presence of the business. Bovee & Thill (2013) asserted that there are different ways to promote products, including the use of print media (magazines, local newspapers and student publications) (p. 382), broadcast media (local TV shows, radio programs), hotel guides (Chamber of Commerce newsletters, brochures, flyers), direct mail (subscriber lists, inserts in newspapers, office mail delivery) (p. 374), social media (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram) (p. 382), and others (attendance in charity events, sponsorships, press conferences) (p. 382). Employee Training In hope that the company shall grow, it will be necessary to hire more people in order to help run the lemonade stand. It is also important for the company to invest in training the staff to continue to offer quality lemonade. To do this, the company should always check whether employees are engaged, satisfied, committed, and rooted (Bovee & Thill, 2013, p. 220). Providing employees with job security through a strong salary is the first step. Secondly, provide employees with health insurance and retirement plans that can be extended to their families. Finally, the company must ensure that employees have a clear career path, especially for those who have leadership qualities to allow them to have the feeling that what they are doing is â€Å"worthwhile and satisfying in itself† (Bovee & Thill, 2013, p. 223). When these needs are met, employees are will actually view the job in a different manner. Their attitude toward working there will be a positive one. Conclusion Starting a company is not only about having the money and hiring employees. There are other aspects that should be considered, including the viability of the product, the target market, demographical considerations, the location, and marketing the product. References Bovee, C. L., & Thill, J. V. (2013). Business in action. (6th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Satying in one place

Some people spend their entire lives in one place. Others move a number of times throughout their lives, looking for a better Job, house, community, or even climate. Which do you prefer: staying in one place or moving In search of another place? Use reasons and specific examples to support your opinion People are coming from varying communities with different backgrounds. Some of them prefer to stay and live In one country as long as they have a shelter, a decent lob, and good friends.However, others may prefer to move around looking for a better life and good living onditions. As far as I concerned, I give more advantage for the late opinion for some First of all, people who adopt traveling in their life are more likely to be reasons. successful and reach their ultimate goals. That is to say, if anyone dreamed to be distinguished, he/she should acquire wide information in his/her major. A biology field is one example that is required a biologist to have a clear vision and abundant i nformation about hormones, creatures, fossils, and so on In order to get a tremendous success.Therefore, moving from one place to another is a great way for im/ her to have a huge background and being exposed to different concepts and Another reason Is that these people who are familiar with moving perspectives. and changing their llvlng place acquire certain, unique characteristics that differs them from other people. Because these who have the tendency to live In more than one country are open minded, flexible, adaptable, and even cosmopolitan people. In my country for example which has one of the toughest regulations and tribal traditions is receiving more and more foreigners who are interested in living here for a while.When people asked them about their reasons, they might say to break the monotonous routine of their lives, maybe to be exposed with different cultures, or even to better off their financial means. In fact, changing the living place is a merit to enhance and devel op someone's personality. To sum up, † east or west home is best † is one way to convince ourselves to live In one place whether it's good for us or not. In contrary with ambitious people who believe In chasing their fortune whenever It goes. In my point of view, changing the residence Is good as long as we get the advantages and benefits from each experience we have.

Fashion, Fade and Craze in Adolesence

Fashion and teenagers!!! Fashion is a popular way of behaving which includes a popular style of clothes, hair, etc, at a particular period of time. Fashion began from the early stone age and lots of upheaval have occurred till now. Len the early age people used to be half naked and wear dresses made from animal skins, leaves etc. And carry different weapons like bows arrows, spear heads which resembles that they are following the fashionable trends present at that time.I was highly influenced by what French designer Coco Channel once said , â€Å"Fashion is not something that exists in dresses only. Fashion is in the sky, in the street, fashion has to do with ideas, the way we live, what is happening. â€Å"Fashion and our lives is interlaced with one another and it is reflected by our contemporary life activities. The teenagers are mostly attracted to the western fashion culture and they are triggered by the exotic western dresses like beautiful clothing etc.Students want to crea te the unique image and for them fashion is like a way to express their inner self and by having the latest clothing they want to look cool. Many of them think fashion helps them create an aural psychic influence and it pervades and highlights their resend in the surroundings. Teens are mostly influenced by the latest trends ,colorful designs outfits. And there wardrobe is full of different brands which like Giorgio Airman, Dior,Levis,Gucci,Louis Button, Denim .Both boys and girls awesomely like to wear casual dress and formal style will be used only in the serious environments like when having a ceremony or performing business meetings, official talks and seminars. Teenagers are mostly inspired and influenced by their celebrities, models and fashion media and the college boys and girls are also trying to leonine themselves. Their fashion icons are their all time favorites artists which teaches them how to innovate ,develop and create new stylish things and from them they also learn t that how to look the worlds from the new perspective. En of the teenager said that the role models provide encouragement to them for doing the right things in a friendly way.

Analysing Popular Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Analysing Popular Music - Essay Example ‘American Idiot’ i iis designed as a Rock Opera, a musical format that first emerged in the popular music scene with Pete Townsend’s highly successful production of Tommy in the early 1970s. In keeping with the genre, Green Day’s album addresses many of the postmodern concerns adolecents are faced with today, including the irony of existence, the decline of organized religion, the dysfunctional nature of the American family and the feelings of isolation and alienation that this incurs in the heart of the American teen. One of the longest tracks on the album, ‘Jesus of Suburbia’ encapsulates these themes as well as provides a turning point for the action of the album. With an understanding of Green Day’s musical genre and the underlying structures of Rock Opera, an analysis of ‘Jesus of Suburbia’ presents the willing participant with an opportunity to gain a greater understanding of the postmodern social concerns indemic to t he majority of Green Day listeners. The music of Green Day is typically considered to be punk-pop3; therefore, to understand the music, one must understand the characteristics of punk and pop and how this begins to define their audience in more specific terms. â€Å"Punk came into its own in England in the late ‘70s as a savage reaction to polished, tired mainstream rock and pop. More than a musical revolution, punk was a full-blown assault on the soured, restrictive social and political conventions that lingered in England following World War II† (Muze, 2001).4 Early punk rock bands included the Stooges, the MC5 and the Velvet Underground, all characterized by loud, pounding beats; harsh sounds and often extended improvisations. Although it was seen to gain its popularity primarily in England, many of these musical pioneers originated from the Lower East Side in New York. â€Å"Meanwhile, faster, rawer, and bitterly radio-hostile acts like Black Flag and the Dead Kennedys were

"What are the impacts of video games and how do they affect Essay

"What are the impacts of video games and how do they affect contemporary society" - Essay Example The history of video gaming can be traced back to 1940 when Edward U. Condon designed a computer that played a traditional game known as Nim in which players try to avoid picking up the last matchstick (Kent 2001). Many people play the game, but the computer wins most of the time. In 1947, Thomas T. Goldsmith and Estle Ray Mann made a cathode ray amusement tube hooked to an oscilloscope. It challenged players to fir a gun at a certain target. In 1950, Claude Shannon together with other Englishmen created chess programs. The breakthrough came in 1952 when A. S. Douglass created OXO. This game was known as Noughta and Crosses in the UK and tic-to in the USA. Douglass created the game as part of research on human-computer interactions for his doctoral dissertation. In 1958, Engineer William A. Higginbotham who had previously helped build the first atomic bomb invented an interactive computer game, Tennis for two to entertain visitors at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. This led to the anticipation of later video games such as Pong. In 1959, students at MIT created mouse in the maze. In this game, users drew a maze with a light pen and then a mouse navigates the labyrinth in search of cheese (Kent, 2001). In 1962, Steven Russell in MIT created Space war. This was the first computer based video game. In this, game two spaceships battled to the death in space. This game spread quickly to other universities and research centers. In 1963, the US department of defense completed a game showing their victory in the battle field (Bower 2014).This was followed by a creed by Dartmouth â€Å"everyone is a programmer† by creating a computer time-share system and basic programming language. The program made it easy for students to experiment and create their games. As a result, many other video games were developed. In 1965, a Dartmouth student created the first computer football game. In 1966, Ralph conceived the idea of playing a

Academic Freedom and Duty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Academic Freedom and Duty - Essay Example Knowledge should improve, with the coming of new ideas and facts every day. This freedom is important for the better good of education. Without this freedom, it would be difficult for the public to know the truth concerning concepts to enable them to improve their understanding of academic concepts (Nelson, 2010, p 2. L 20). The first freedom states that teachers have a right to conduct research in whatever area they desire to improve their performance when exercising academic duties. Research is a basic tool of learning through which scholars expand their knowledge and come up with related concepts. It is through research, that scholars could identify flaws, which could have been present in texts. Knowledge represents ideas that one researched and presented depending on the evidence and findings. There could have been flaws in the past that occurred due to the poor methods of research then. With modern technology in place, scholars can revisit the concepts with new hypothesis and ideas (Nelson, 2010, p 1, L 15). The second freedom is that the teachers have a right to discuss their own relevant ideas in class. With good research in place, the teachers could come up with ideas that relate to the topic in class. Such ideas could be absent in the course text, but still be a matter of importance for discussion in class. The teachers, however, should be keen not to introduce irrelevant material during lessons in class. In addition, controversial ideas should not come up during a discussion in classes. Topics relating to religion could be sensitive when discussed in classes. In as much as there is freedom of speech and academic freedom, religion, and such sensitive issues could result to complications that limit other people’s right,s (Krell, 2010, P 261, L 14).

Case 1 Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

1 - Case Study Example Delinquent orders have been accumulating while the company was not able to fulfill these increasing orders. Some of the Solar Feeder parts were even contracted to other suppliers with SDI only having the responsibility of assembling the parts. The company could, however, not maintain full and successful control on its sub-contractors (Brown and Abercrombie). Quality problem in the parts received from the suppliers was poor, which also facilitated the slow delivery. This factor is further attributed to the fact that it would always take SDI a lot of time to adjust the poor quality parts to the desired quality before the delivery is done. Consequently, the production process had to slow down significantly. Further much down time as well as production reject was experienced. Addressing the issue would require the management to look at the best ways to gain control over suppliers in order to quicken the parts quality and delivery. This will further boost production quality and quantity a nd hence revenue generation. Break even volume refers to the number of a product units that SDI has to sell in order for its sales revenues to equal to its total costs. In this regard, considerations of both unit costs and start-up costs are done. As for now, SDI Inc. has not achieved a breakeven of sales. The company’s costs and sales revenues need to balance in order to achieve a breakeven volume of sales (Hofstrand). From a look at the SDI financial ratios, it can easily be noticed that the company has a long way to go before achieving a breakeven volume of sales. The company is still facing losses, but not profits. The gross profit margin of the company is 59% (Brown and Abercrombie). This is based on the difference between the sales and cost of goods sold all divided by the sales. Considering that there are still other expenses/costs, which have to be deducted in the gross profits, the total costs are fur much above the sales revenue (Hofstrand). With a net

Intellectual Property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Intellectual Property - Essay Example The United Kingdom has had matters to do with intellectual property as well as rights for the same. This paper looks into some of the implications on the same with reference to technical protection measures as well as anti-circumvention provisions as captured in certain sections of UK’s legislation on property rights. Copyright monopoly refers to the private ownership of a product by the producer. The government protects the right of the ownership through written acts to safeguard the production of counterfeits by unauthorized owners. In order to obtain the copyright monopoly, the government requires the producer to do an original registration of the full details of the product. The produces must have a license for the product for him or her to have the property right. The effect is that whenever a counterfeit to the same product appears in the market, the producer has the right to complain and even sue the counterfeit producers. Upon primary and secondary infringement of copy right 16-21, the perpetrator is liable for a legal suit in the UK intellectual property law. The same infringement attracts termination of the product from the market. Infringement of the laws applies to the licensed products, whose owners had been conferred with the full ownership license and rights. Murungi, Michale. Report from the law via internet conference. Vol,6 No.3. 2013, November, pp. 12-113. Cyber Law Issues concerning law and jurisdiction are currently taking a new course that employs the current technological advancements. Nowadays, internet has turned out to be part of the largest communication network that is becoming increasingly indispensable for every one across the globe to take part in social, cultural, and political discourse. In addition, internet has recently been deduced to be the linchpin of the democratic society as well as the social media platforms, which are being necessitated, in participatory democracy. Legal actions can, off late, comfortably be handl ed using the online services. Most online databases and data mining techniques can be used to harvest data from different sources. The counsel pursuant may end up carrying the burden due to the added costs of every part of the processes, which begins from the study and the case of support to planned giving. In such a case, it is usual for the personal jurisdiction to be improper in terms of the venue. The imageline’s complaint should completely be dismissed leaving the pursuant to carry the double cost. However, this can be quite different if the personal jurisdiction as well as the venue is found to be proper. The conveniences of the witnesses and parties will work in line with the concerns of efficiency. Simma, Bruno.Universality of International Law from the Perspective of a Practitioner. 2013, October. Legal perspective Similarly, the involvement of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to uncover the undertakings brings in a legal aspect whereby factors such as fraud are i nvestigated and initiators prosecuted. Similarly, one gets exonerated on the basis that he corporate with the investigating authorities to nail the stork brokers fraud schemers. However, for instance, his father is not prosecuted for the role he played in concealing his illegal business a factor not blending well with effective legal systems. This emanates from the constitutional directive that protecting anyone who breaks the law is practicing crime as well. Nate, Raymond U.S. judge weighs penalties after Bank of America fraud verdict. 2013, December Frauds Despite being a vital invention in the modern world, the business technology and its users have in the recent past been a target

Partition as a Solution to Ethnic Civil Wars Term Paper

Partition as a Solution to Ethnic Civil Wars - Term Paper Example Such feelings are never in favor of a country because they start destroying the foundations of the country slowly and gradually. When a group of people starts feeling unprivileged as compared to other people, they raise their voice against the government officials and the government’s discriminating policies, which results in starting a civil war. Kirschner, in an article states, â€Å"Individuals are more likely to continue fighting once a war begins, foreseeing severely restricted opportunities, if not annihilation, under the current state†. The best way to deal with such kinds of problems is to negotiate with the ethnic groups in order to know their concerns. If a government becomes unable to satisfy the people properly, chances of conflicts start increasing in the country, which leads the country towards many problems, such as, demand for separation or partition within the state. Chapman and Roeder state, â€Å"Partition is more likely than alternative institutiona l arrangements—specifically, unitarism, de facto separation, and autonomy arrangements—to preserve the peace and facilitate democratization† (677-691). ... Partition is one of the strategies to terminate all sorts of ethnic wars in a country. When government do not find any other way to the solution of the problems, it starts thinking of partition within the state in order to let the ethnic groups live their life on their own. However, it is never an easy decision for any government because partition destroys the autonomy and power of the government of the country. Partitions not only affect the political structure and but also affect the control of central government. Apart from these disadvantages of partition, there are several advantages of partition for the ethnic groups. Let us discuss some of the most considerable benefits in some detail in order to get a better understanding of how partitions terminate the possibility of ethnic civil wars in a country. Solution to Ethnic Wars Partitions are a good solution to the end of ethnic wars. Ethnic conflicts give rise to many problems for a country. They not only destabilize the economy of a country but also disturb the peaceful atmosphere of the whole nation. Ethnic conflicts arise when a group of people belonging to some specific culture or society start feeling unprivileged and ignored by the government. Such groups raise their voice to stop discrimination and unfairness against minorities and to give full protection to their rights. When a government fails to fulfill the demands of the ethnic groups, they start movements and strikes against the government. It acts as the starting point towards partition. Such groups start demanding a separate nation or a separate place where they can live their lives independently and in accordance with their cultures. In history, there are many examples in which different movements against the governments

Consumer behavior Individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer behavior Individual - Assignment Example Apple’s main mission is to maintain high quality standards for its products and this helps them to serve its customers with an innovative and technologically advanced product line. Apple not only focuses on development of innovative products, but also protects consumer interest and values consumer welfare (OGrady, 2009). Apple is devoted to continuously develop innovative products so that their customers get to avail the latest technologies. The company’s vision is to provide exceptional technological experiences for their customers all over the world (OGrady, 2009). The company operates in a highly competitive market. Some potential competitors of Apple Inc are Samsung Electronics Co., Lenovo Group Limited, Dell Inc. and Microsoft Corporation. The competitors of Apple provided similar products at a reasonable cost. Companies like Samsung and IBM started capturing Apple’s market share. The products of Apple could not be afforded by all sections of the population. In the market for technology, consumers enjoy a high substitution rate of products because of the availability of large number of alternatives in the market (Barney, 1995). The market share of Apple Inc. and its competitors can be explained by the figure below. Apple Inc. captures the prime market share i.e. the company captures 30% of the total market share. Nokia covers over 23% of the total market share and Samsung has an 11% market share of the total. Other companies capture the rest of the market (Source: Ferrell & Hartline, 2012). Apple operates in a highly competitive market. Several companies have come up with products which are similar to Apple’s products. The rivals of the company follow a pricing strategy that enables them to offer alternatives to apple’s product at a relatively low price. There is a high substitution rate in the market as switching cost for the customers is quite low. The competitors also aggressively advertise their products through social media

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Term paper - Essay Example ein and Victor, for Victor knowledge was the surge beyond the acceptance of human limits and the access to the secret of life while for Frankenstein knowledge was viewed in a manner that would make humans accept him as he was. The monster due to his grotesque appearance is rejected by society and therefore becomes an integral part of the action. Why grotesque? Victor creates this monster from his unnatural manner of his creation which entails the mystifying animation which is a combination of embezzled parts of a body with bizarre chemicals. Therefore one can state that the monster is a combination of scientific work which enfolds the dark and the supernatural. Does not this description fit Victor too? Victor the creator also exhibits monster qualities. His aspiration, mystery and egocentricity kind of estrange him from society and his family. His creation of the monster also creates a monster within himself for eventually Victor is consumed by hatred for his creation. Abortion an ever prevalent occurrence wherein the innocent is mercilessly killed is still found in today’s world. This abortion can also be witnessed in Victor as well as the monster who express the monster’s gruesomeness. Victor looks at his creation he states â€Å"When I thought of him, I gnashed my teeth, my eyes became inflamed, and I ardently wished to extinguish that life which I had so thoughtlessly made†. The monster who hates himself cries out â€Å"I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on.† This idea of abortion can also be traced to Victor’s destruction of the female monster wherein Victor aborts the act of creating the female counterpart of the monster. An explanation can be found in Victor’s description of philosophy â€Å"I at once gave up my former occupations; set down natural history and all its progeny as a deformed and abortive creation; and entertained the greates t disdain for a would-be science, which could never even

Far from the madding crowd Essay Example for Free

Far from the madding crowd Essay In Far From the Madding Crowd, Thomas Hardy examines different types of love. Consider the relationships Bathsheba has with Gabriel, Boldwood and Troy; consider also Troys relationship with Fanny Robin. What conclusions does Thomas Hardy wish us to draw about the nature of love? Support the points you make with close reference to the text. You must also mention the social context of the novel and any relevant literary tradition. Bathsheba is a very vain woman who likes to think very highly of herself, in the first appearance she makes in the novel, she is admiring herself in the mirror. The last word in Chapter 1 is vanity. Hardy has established some of the features of two of the main characters and made us curious about this development of the relationship between Oak and this vain but handsome girl. Bathsheba was not a conventional woman of her time. She was an unusual for a woman of her time because she was very independent. She also refused her first offer of marriage although penniless and living with her aunt. Women at this time relied heavily on marriage. Women at that time often also married for security. Bathsheba is quite teasing with men, for example, when Gabriel Oak holds her hand, she suggests: But I suppose you are thinking you would like to kiss it? You may if you want to. But when Gabriel says, I will. She instantly says, No you wont! This shows that she is teasing, and she can get some men crazy about her. Her relationship with Gabriel has its ups and downs. Gabriel cares for Bathsheba so much but as the novel goes on, Gabriel realizes that there is no chance that he will marry Bathsheba because two other obstructions are in the way, the similarly vain Sergeant Troy and Mr. Boldwood. Bathshebas relationship with Mr. Boldwood is very awkward because, she only sent the valentine letter as a prank. It all started off when Liddy and Bathsheba were writing a Valentine letter to little Teddy Coggan. But Liddy suggests, What fun it would be to send it to the stupid old Boldwood, and how he would wonder! Bathsheba does not agree to the idea at first and says, No, I wont do that. He wouldnt see any humour in it. She was right. But Boldwood takes it so seriously and becomes absolutely obsessed with her, My life is a burden without you, I want you I want you to let me say I love you again and again! When Bathsheba tells him the truth about the Valentines card, Boldwood does not want to and cannot accept the fact that it was a joke and a prank: No, no, no. Dont say thoughtlessness! Make me think it was something more that it was a sort of prophetic instinct the beginning of a feeling that you would like me. Then Troy comes into the novel. During that period of time, there were strict rules governing the etiquette of behaviour about men and women being alone together and they certainly would not publicly touch each other or their clothes. This makes their meeting highly irregular. Bathsheba would be particularly vulnerable in this situation. Troy is similarly vain and teasing like Bathsheba, this enchants her, Thank you for the sight of such a beautiful face! He also often repeats the word, Beauty aimed obviously at Bathsheba. When they depart after their first encounter, she is very happy and feels flattered. She looks in the mirror (as usual) and repeats Troys words, Goodnight beauty! Bathsheba is aware of her beauty, and she feels that if some handsome man in uniform compliments her on her looks, then that is very rewarding for her and it boosts her self-confidence. Also, Troys showmanship with his sword swept Bathsheba off her feet. Also, because Bathsheba would have been very nai ve and inexperienced in the ways of love, she found it very hard to resist Troy. Bathsheba and Troys relationship, was more of a sexual love than a real love: She felt powerless to withstand or deny him. He was altogether too much for her. Another sign of Bathshebas vanity was that, she only married Troy because he had said he saw a more beautiful woman. So, Bathsheba went all the way to Bath just for Troy. But later on in the novel, Troy does not show that same feelings as when they first met. Instead, Troy becomes more involved into Fanny Robin and regrets ever turning her down. The type of love Fanny Robin loves Troy with all her heart; she even walks miles just for him. Many young women in the Victorian times would have eloped to marry soldiers. This was called Scarlet fever. This would be a disgrace to the girl and her family. Hardys aunt Martha was said to have eloped with a soldier When she asks Troy when they will be wed, Troy does not even understand what she is talking about. Fanny asks, When will it be? Troy then asks What? Then Fanny tries to remind Troy, That you promised. Troy again, forgetful, I dont quite recollect Then Fanny desperately says, O you do! Dont speak like that. It weighs me to the earth. It makes me say what ought to be said first by you. Fanny wants to get desperately married, but Troy wants her mainly for sex and for more of a casual relationship. Troy gets very angry and upset when he sees the coffin with Fanny Robin and the baby in it. Tragically, Fanny died of childbirth. The baby was still born. Many deaths occurred due to lack of technology including childbirth. He completely forgets about what he had with Bathsheba and thinks of what he could have had with Fanny. Troys reaction to her death and his disregard for Bathsheba shows he is the type of man who only wants what he cannot have. When Fanny was alive, Troy showed little interest in her predicament. I think that the message Thomas Hardy is trying to get out is that love can only be true, not just for jokes and pranks (the valentines letter. ) Love also has to have two people involved not like Fanny Robin and Troy at the start of the novel. In conclusion, Hardy ended the novel happily, because he knew that is what the readers wanted to read. The story was printed into a monthly magazine and for a Victorian readership; a happy end involved a marriage. Bathsheba was first attracted by Troys good looks and superficial charm and preferred these qualities to the more traditional ones of security and love offered by Oak and Boldwood. But when Fanny dies, Bathsheba finally realizes that Troys is actually a womanizer and he is disloyal. Hardy, himself did not rate marriage very highly as he had an unhappy marriage. So by the end of the novel, Bathsheba becomes more sensitive to others and realizes that she should have accepted Oaks initial proposal, rather than Troys, and that she would have been much happier with Oak.

Anti-Bribery Convention and OECD

Anti-Bribery Convention and OECD The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)Â  And the Anti-Bribery Convention The International Initiative The Anti-Bribery Convention was originally conceived in 1989, it has under gone many changes since its conception, to begin with the group was designed to enable the review in to national legislations and the bribery of officials, in 1994 the review was turned into recommendations for actions and this was eventually replaced by a treaty agreement in 1997. The Anti-Bribery conventions main aim is to decrease the amount of corruption in underdeveloped countries, in doing this they can create a fair and level playing field, therefore encouraging sanctions against any form of bribery in International business transactions. Things That Are Right The Anti-Bribery Convention has developed a set of legally binding standards to criminalize bribery. The Anti-Bribery Convention works with all countries to improve the standards of international business transactions. The Anti-bribery convention welcomes all countries to join the convention; no one is singled out or excluded as long as they follow the guidelines and legislation recommendations. Things That Are Wrong The Anti-Bribery convention has no governing authority; the OECD only over sees it. The countries involved in the Anti-Bribery convention have the sole responsibility to implement the legislations so that bribery can be criminalized. According to the Transparency International report (Hardoon, Heinrich, 2013), at least half the countries that are signed to the Anti-Bribery convention have had only a few and in some cases no prosecutions. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Founded in 1961, The OECD’s main headquarters are in Paris, France, To date there are currently 34 member countries, although the OECD do work closely with Russia, China, Brazil, India, Indonesia and South Africa, but they are yet to agree to join the organization. Whilst the OECD’s main aim is to help improve the social, economic, safety and welfare of people across the globe, they do also maintain relations and work closely with other international organizations like the IMF, World Bank, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Labor Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization in an effort to promote and improve other aspects of peoples well-being globally. The Good Things The OECD uses peer reviews to evaluate its work and implement new changes and ideas, giving a wider perspective on the organization. The OECD has established a unilateral forum to allow governments to share their issues and experiences and work together to resolve the problems. The OECD defies conventional wisdom and works towards a resolution that is beneficial to all. Things That Need To Be Changed OECD has no authority over the Anti-Bribery convention, it purely over sees it. The OECD is not self-executing; it requires the governing country to enforce the legislations and uphold the laws Companies using the OECD guidelines arent bound by them as they arent compulsory. How anti-bribery convention and the OECD affect global politics Example 1 The OECD has established a unilateral forum to allow governments to share their issues and experiences and work together to resolve the problems. This is a great step for achieving success in global policies because it is an airing point for ideas and resolutions, governments can get together and discuss issue past and present and provide information on how they were able to resolve or work around certain common issues. The forum is based on facts and real life experiences and enables governments to proactively take part in the forming of global policies that are beneficial to all. They have the ability to collect data from governments and analyze this for possible trends that could potentially help other countries from avoiding situations like, austerity and unemployment during economic downturns. The Anti-bribery convention has established a set of legally binding standards to criminalize bribery; this implementation will boost the transparency of global politics for the member states that are included in the convention. In creating transparency and ensuring everyone is implementing the recommended standards there will be more cohesive trade agreements that will propagate healthy globalization. The creating and implementation of these legally binding standards has failed to force member states to follow the implementations, this will have an overall effect on globally policies because other member states will see that this type of implementation can be ignored with no real repercussions. The implementations will only work successfully if the Anti-bribery convention attains the legal jurisdiction to implement these standards. Currently they don’t have this and there seems to be no way of getting the jurisdiction so the implementation of legally binding standards is just that, An implementation, There is no law so the member states don’t have to implement the standards. The anti-bribery convention has placed the responsibility for implementing the legislations solely on the governments, this will have a massive impact on global policies because will still be left up to that country to implement the legislations, a majority of corrupt officials are in the government sectors and will not implement such measures if they feel it could impact on their corrupt enterprises. Such implications could unravel the social and economic standings of that country, they could undermine trade agreements and have a devastating effect on all policies globally, there is always going to be an issue of trust and if the governments of the countries don’t implement the legislations that will undermine this trust element globally. The Anti-Bribery Convention has failed to close a massive loophole in the system and is in part facilitating the continuation of bribery amongst public officials. The convention will only truly be successful if they find a way to close this loophole and prevent the continuation of bribery globally. Where it went wrong! The emergence of globalization and the vast complexities of international law and relations have grown hugely, member states have now become globally connected, global threats are now ever increasing and cannot be dealt with without the implementation of the international laws, they help develop and force structure into international relations where the law doesn’t currently apply. The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention has decided that member state countries should be responsible for implementing the laws and regulations as set by the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. I believe this has left a loop hole in their quest and goals for supporting member states both socially and economically, it leaves rise to member states dictating what rules, laws and legislations they feel are appropriate, there is no set standard when implementation is decided according to the specific member state, violations will occur and laws and regulations will become confusing across the globe. What I would do! I feel that a resolution to this loophole would be for the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention to secure legal jurisdiction under the existing title of International Legal Personality to enforce member states to adopt their standards as currently the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention only monitors if the implementations have been made. On December 3rd, 1949 the International Court of Justice set a precedent where it agree that International Organizations (IO‘s) could be included under the banner of International legal personalities and therefore be party to the rights and obligations under international law. It was decreed that the case subject (The United Nations) should be seen as an International Legal Personality and was therefore capable of having international rights and duties and it should be able to uphold these rights and make a legal claim against any international member state that violates its policies. How I would do it! If I was involved in the corporate aspects of The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention I would apply for International Legal Personality status , we would be deemed eligible for it because we a permanent association with our member states, we hold legal powers and have the power to act on these in the form of the legally binding standards that we currently implicate, we are able to effectively operate on an international scale and fulfill at the required criteria for International Legal Personality status. If the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention were to be granted International Legal Personality status, then our convention would have the power to enact an international claim for reparation against that member state for violating the standards set, and for negating on its statutory international obligations as set out by the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. Citations Hardoon. D, Heinrich. F. (2013). Global corruption barometer 2013. Retrieved from Transparency International website: http://issuu.com/transparencyinternational/docs/2013_globalcorruptionbarometer_en Lunfengzhe (n.d.). National flag ball of OECD members. Retrieved from http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-images-national-flag-ball-oecd-members-image28867394

Hitler Essay examples -- essays research papers

Hitler's Rise to Power Over time there have been many influential leaders who have changed the course of history. These leaders contained great leadership qualities, which allowed them to achieve their goals. But their success has also been questioned due to the effects and characteristics of the time period. Some historians believe that the success of these leaders is due to their person characteristics, while others believe that their success was due to the conditions of the society in which these leaders lived. One leader, whose success is controversial, is Adolph Hitler. Hitler’s success can be seen as his own through to his charismatic qualities, military tactics and the holocaust. All three of these topics were original to him and made him a notorious leader and gained him success. Hitler’s success can also be due to the horrible conditions in Germany at the time of his rise to power. The failure of the economy, extreme nationalism and the fragile government of Ge rmany in the 1920’s and 30’s could also be seen as the reason for Hitler’s success(Wepman 98). The end of W.W.I left Germany in economic debt, suffering to survive. The Treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for the war and required them to pay for all the reparations. With many unemployed and homeless, the country was in economic ruins(Heck 120). To try and end their suffering, the German government printed more money, which in turn caused inflation and more problems. When the Great Depression hit Germany in the early 1930’s the German economy was in horrible shape. Many Germans were left unemployed, homeless and practically hopeless. The depression just added to German debts and despair. These economical conditions in Germany created a perfect scenario for Hitler to gain power and influence(Heck 124). With the government in debt and unemployment growing everyday, the Germans were looking for a strong, powerful leader to take control. Hitler promised to get Germany out of debt and help it become a powerful nation again. The German people were quickly influenced by the promises and the Nazi party grew rapidly as Hitler gained power in the government(Wepman 65). TheWeimar Republic began at the end of 1918, two days before the First World War ended. It was not strong from the start because it had signed the dreaded Versailles Treaty. People felt Germany had been stabbed in the back by the govern... ...uted; then they were forced to work for the Germans(Deichmann 54). When working for the Germans the prisoners were fed very little and many died of sickness or starvation. If the dead bodies were not thrown into a community burial grave, then they were burned in furnaces. These camps were found all over Europe, in Germany, the Netherlands, and Poland, as well as other countries. There were about 12 million deaths with 6 million being political prisoners, the physically and mentally disabled, Gypsies, and Slavs. The other 6 million were Jewish deaths. Hitler's purification process was obviously against all Anglo Saxon morals and ethics, but was part of his master plan for control. Until his death in 1945, a suicide, which he chose as his fate, Hitler, proved to be an Influential character of charm, charisma and power. He worked himself into power, led a nation into war and executed his plans for a supreme race, no matter how unethical his ideas were. Like a tragic hero, however, h e held his own flaw and in the end his own downfall and collapse of power. Hitler found a time where he could easily slide into power, giving a torn apart nation a purpose, goal and a union to build upon.

What Is The Bible? Essay -- Religion Bible

The Bible is the most significant book in the history of civilization. In the context of Jewish history, the Bible’s impact on politics, history, and religion is without comparison. Along with establishing the covenant-based legitimacy of the Jewish people and their history, the Bible’s political impact is exemplified through prophetic politics, the power of kings, and the effects of political authority. Biblical archeology has discovered biblical structures which supports the historical validity of the Bible. The Bible’s effect on history, politics, and religion has shaped the world we live in today. In order to comprehend the level of significance the Bible represents, one must systematically break down the structure of the Bible. Religious writings of both Judaism and Christianity compose the Bible and are dependant on the religious traditions of a specific denomination. In the context of Judaism, Tanakh is the Hebrew name of the Bible composed by the three parts of the Hebrew Bible: the Torah, Nevi’im, and Ketuvim. The Torah includes the â€Å"Five Books† of Moses which establishes God’s covenant with the Jews. The Nevi’im discusses the division of the two kingdoms, Israel and Judah, and acknowledges different prophets. The Ketuvim is composed of poetry, writings, and the stories of Jewish prophets. The books written after the Hebrew Bible, referred to as The New Testament by Christians, contain the accounts of Jesus and his disciples. The New Testament plays a central role in Christianity just as the Hebrew Bible, or commonly referred to as the Old Testament, provides the foundation for Judaism. The first book of the Bible, Genesis, sets the framework in which Judaism is rooted. Genesis is vital to the religio... ...ness of the Jewish People in accordance to their covenant with God. The Bible also legitimizes the Holy Land belonging to the Children of Israel while establishing Judaism as a Mosaic religion. The Bible provides the basis for Halakha, a corner stone in Judaism. Along with the Old Testament, the Bible plays a prominent role in the development of Christianity. The Gospels of the New Testament assert Christian ideologies and values which clearly be seen influencing the Western world today. Not only did the Bible affirm Judaism and Christianity, it gave a glimpse into the earliest form of politics in the ancient world. Archeology has advantageously legitimized the historical accuracy of the Bible by producing evidence that coincides with the Bible’s narratives. The Bible will continue to play an important role in society as it will continue to shape civilization.

heart of darkness :: essays research papers

Heart of Darkness For most of his young life, Joseph Conrad has had a burning desire to be a seaman; and in 1874, when he is just sixteen years of age, his dream becomes a reality. In addition, he worked his way up through the ranks and piloted a merchant ship up the mighty Congo River in central Africa. Later, it is the memory of this voyage that provides him with the first hand details for writing his most famous novel HEART OF DARKNESS, and these memories spring to life as Marlow , the main character, replaces Conrad in the story. A feeling of darkness is everywhere and it causes the reader to feel surrounded by it. This motif causes the reader to see the darkness in his surroundings, to experience the dark deeds of man, and to recognize the darkness of man's mind. HEART OF DARKNESS presents a story within a story, and at the beginning , we find Marlow, along with three friends, on board a small ship which is anchored near the mouth of the Thames River in London. When the unnamed narrator, uses words like gloom, black, and brooding repeatedly, it becomes evident that darkness is unfolding as a motif. The following example first gets the reader's attention: "The air was dark above Gravesend, and farther back seemed condensed into a mournful gloom, brooding motionless over the biggest, and the greatest , town on earth." While they wait for the tide to turn, the men become lost in their own thoughts until Marlow seizes the opportunity to tell his friends about his life as a seaman. He tells them of his fascination with Africa and how he longs to explore it. When he describes the Congo as " an immense snake uncoiled with its head in the sea, its body at rest curving afar over a vast country, and its tail lost in the depths of the land" a sense of dark mystery is felt by the reader, and as he continues , all kinds of negative information await him. He is next met with a tale of a man hanging himself because of the terrible heat. Then he experiences the painful stabbing of flies and the groans and misery of the sick and dying. Fifteen days later , he describes his arrival at Central Station as hobbling in to an area of back water bordered by smelly mud.

Emergency Response in Franklin County Essay

The role of major health personnel in an emergency is to manage the safety and well being of the people in their community during and after a natural or man-made disaster. This is done by assessing the details of what occurred, what needs must be met and facilitating a team to organize information about the event and provide logistics as quickly as possible. This is seen in the simulation exercise for the â€Å"Disaster in Franklin County†. (Olson, Larsen, Scheller, & Johnson, 2006) Roles are appointed in a chain of command format. It is ideal that all personnel have received some type of emergency management training, but even if not, skill sets must be assessed and duties assigned accordingly. An Incident Commander will be appointed and the Public Health Director assigns rolls that include finances, planning, logistics, public information liaison and operators. The Public Health Team will work closely and concurrently with other entities, such as the Fire Chief, Police Chief, Hazardous Materials Team, Public Works and EMS teams. The public health department is mostly concerned with the safety and logistics of sheltering victims and being sure that food and water provided is safe for consumption. The community health nurse is primarily concerned about the immediate welfare and safety of the public, including issues of safety in homes, sanitary food options and safe water availability. It is important to have press releases ready to go that are clear and informative, yet simple. Any public statement made by the nurse should be thoughtful and considerate, assuring the community that they are in good hands and that things are being taken care of by appropriate people and in a timely manner. Public Service Announcements (PSAs) are an opportunity to gain trust and respect and show competence and compassion. In the Franklin County scenario, the public health nurse is assigned to do door-to-door interviews in an area of town hit the hardest by flood damage. The nurse is assessing for personal safety, being certain that there are no medically fragile patients, home bound persons or persons with special needs. Without electricity, a patient that requires at home oxygen, nebulizers, chemo or dialysis will need to be assisted to a shelter. Families with infants must be comfortable with an abundance of supplies. Contamination risks from food spoilage must be made aware, and the nurse must assess if he or she believes that the family has the means to safely prepare meals and have access to clean water. Finally, the nurse assesses for structural safety and advises community members on whether or not they should consider relocating to a shelter. With the uncertainty of going door-to-door, a nurse must be prepared to assess needs that are out of their scope of practice. They must be prepared to offer resources that may be out of their area of expertise. Situations that occur may range greatly, such as difficulty with foreign language communication, to chemical spills in yards or improper use of a generator. In cases such as this, the actions of the community health nurse must be resourceful and know that he or she can call on other professionals to reach out where they needed. A family with chemical leakage from flooding may be guided to a shelter for their immediate safety and the community health nurse may follow up by asking an Environmental Director to assess the property, instead of offering wrong or false advice to the homeowner. Natural and man-made disasters not only put community members at a physical risk, but also at emotional risk, as situation arise as homes are destroyed, insurance issues arise, or being separated from loved ones. The public health nurse also needs to take action and be resourceful in providing appropriate referrals for mental health, including providing phone numbers, access to call or reach out, and to follow up and be sure that there is enough man-power to assist with answering phones or counseling people. Techniques that were used were active listening and repeating statements back, validating that their thoughts and fears are heard. Assurance was given that the situation was grave, but not hopeless. Encouragement was provided to make appropriate, yet difficult, decisions such as leaving one’s house and personal belongings in a time of crisis. In widespread disaster scenarios, that affect greater areas, such as Hurricane Katrina, not only are public nurses needed, but it is important that nursing personnel from hospitals and state health departments are involved. In times of crisis, all professionals need to be on the same page to avoid offering mixed messages or advise to the public. Basic training in emergency management should be provided for all health care professionals. Emergency communication must also be set in place, as with no electricity or land lines, there must be agreed upon and practiced means of communication between all emergency responders. In area with high incidences of particular storms, flooding or power outages, PSA’s can be prepared ahead of time and are ready to go during times of crisis with minor modifications. The community health nurse is an import piece of the emergency management team, and is a direct liaison between the public and the resources.

Conventional Shopping vs Online Shopping Essay

On-Line Shopping Vs Traditional Shopping The advent of the Internet has had an impact in our lives in all sorts of ways such as in the manner in which we communicate, flirt, date, and most importantly, how we shop. While even in the recent past the thought of whether some day one would be able to buy an Armani outfit wearing pajamas while looking after the needs of a couple of toddlers would have seemed an outlandish idea, thanks to the increasing sophistication of the technology of the 21st century, practically everything is virtually possible, and shopping from the comfort of one’s home has become a part of most people’s daily lives. When retailing on the web started, sometime in the middle to the late 1990s, it gave rise to the debate which is still ongoing, about online vs. traditional shopping. And even though shopping centres are still being thronged by shoppers, just as they do on the Internet, the question still remains – Whether online shopping will conquer all, or if traditional shopping will survive this increasing onslaught of e-shopping? In order to study this, let’s examine a few pros and cons of online vs. traditional shopping: Advantages of Online Shopping Internet has revolutionized the way we do our Shopping. Because of the numerous Advantages and Benefits of Shopping Online more and more people these days prefer Online Shopping over conventional shopping. Given below are my Top 10 Reasons for Buying Online. 1. Convenience: The convenience of this method of shopping is the best advantage liked by many people. Where else can one do shopping even a midnight wearing his/her night suit? one do not have to wait in a line or wait till the shop assistant is ready to help him/her with purchases. One can do shopping in minutes even if one is busy apart from saving time and avoiding crowds. Online shops give us the opportunity to shop 24 x 7 and also reward us with a ‘no pollution’ shopping. There is no better place to buy information products like e-books. Immediately after the payment is made one can download the information. And downloadable items purchased online eliminate the need for any kind of material goods at all. 2. Better Prices: Another thing which fascinates most customers is the cheap deals and better prices they get from online stores because products come to them direct from the manufacturer or seller without middlemen involved. Many online shops offer discount coupon s and rebates. Apart from this, the Online Store is only required to collect sales tax if they have a physical location in our state even if we buy from a store across the world. 3. Variety: The choices one can get for products are amazing. Read more: Essay About  Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Shopping One can get several brands and products from different sellers at one place. You can get in on the latest international trends without spending money on airfare. When you shop online, you can shop from retailers in other parts of the country or even the world without being limited by geographic area. These stores offer a far greater selection of colors and sizes than you will find locally. Apart from that, How many times have it happened that you spend your money reaching a local shop only to find that the product you need is out of stock? Some online shops have a provision to accept orders without stock and ship it across to you when the stock becomes available. You also have the option of taking your business to another online store where the product is available. 4. Send Gifts: Online Shopping makes sending gifts to relatives and friends easy, no matter where ever they stay. Now there is no need of making distance an excuse for not sending a gift on occasions like Birthday, Weddin g Anniversary, Marriage, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day etc. 5. Fewer Expenses: Many times when we opt for conventional shopping we tend to spend a lot more than the required shopping expenses on things like eating out, traveling, impulsive shopping etc. 6. Comparison of Prices: Online shops make comparison and research of products and prices possible. Online stores also give you the ability to share information and reviews with other shoppers who have firsthand experience with a product or retailer. 7. Crowds: Many customers would like to avoid the crowds when they do the shopping. Especially during Festivals and Special events the crowds can really give a headache. Crowds force us to do a hurried shopping most of the time. Crowds also create a problem when it comes to finding a parking place nearby where you want to shop and going back to your vehicle later loaded with shopping bags. 8. Compulsive Shopping: Many times when we go out on Shopping we end up buying things which we do not require because of the shop keepers up selling skills. Sometimes we even compromise on our choices because of the lack of choices in those shops. 9. Buying Old or unused Stuff at low prices: Online Shops make it possible for us to buy old or unused stuff at rock bottom prices. If we want to buy antiques there is no better options than online stores. 10. Discreet Purchases: Some things are better done in privacy. Online shops are also best for discreet purchases like adult toys, sexy lingerie and so on. Online Shops enable me to purchase under garments and lingerie without the embarrassment that there are several people watching me and my choices. Disadvantages of online shopping The craze of online shopping has picked up quite significantly in the last decade and online sellers are expected to improve their share of purchases for years to come. There is no doubt that one can find great deals online and so many different brands which may not be even available in regular stores, even shopping malls. Despite of all the hype, there are certain disadvantages of online shopping. 1. One Do Not Physically See The Items: Normally when we shop from a regular store, we can see the item and at least visually inspect that it looks fine. You can select a color, size and can even speak to a sales person to clarify doubts regarding an item. The biggest disadvantage of online shopping is we do not physically see the item till it arrives. May be you have seen it in the nearby mall but there is a possibility that the particular piece you have ordered may be defective. Misinterpretation or misunderstanding of items bought online is a common problem. Usually the photo of items y ou see online are much better than once you have the item in front of you 2. Wait For The Items To Arrive: Once one place you order the waiting game starts. One has to wait for a few days for the item to arrive which can be quite frustrating. Most experts believe that we are most excited about your â€Å"buy† in the first few days, so by the time your item arrives you will most likely be less excited then getting the item on same day you made the payment 3. Chances Of Mishandling While Shipping / Delivery Risks: What if the item you are expecting never arrives, you will be lost in a series of phone calls to the seller and the courier company. What if you are not at home during the time of delivery and the courier company leaves the package on your door and a passerby decides to steal it? What if the shipping company broke your stuff and you realize it after opening it when the courier man has already gone away. The seller might claim that you broke it. 4. Shipping Charges: Only a few sites offer free shipping, some others will ship for free only if your total purchase price exceeds a certain amount. Shipping fee is often a big dis couragement for online shoppers. 5. Returning Merchandise: Even if the seller agrees to take back the defective merchandise, you often have to pay the cost of shipping it back. Additionally you have to call and convince the people regarding the reason of your return. Some good sites do have excellent return policy, but not everyone. 6. Online Security: Making payments online is usually safe but not always. There may be sites which are not secure or do not encrypt your personal credit card data, so if a hacker breaks in their system, your personal data can be compromised. 7. Risk Of Online Fraud: Some people pretend selling items at a very cheap price and often send you a low quality, opened or refurbished item, in other cases the site may shut down unexpectedly, leaving lot of customers who might have already paid for the item but did not receive anything. Shopping online can also take you to phishing sites which want to defraud you. 8. Timezone Difference: In countries like USA there are various time zones and the customer service hours of the online shopping site may be different from your time zone, making it difficult for you to get in touch with a human when you need help. 9. Sales Tax: Although an online shopping site may not charge you a sales tax during the purchase, you are legally obliged to pay taxes when you file annual taxes (assuming you live in a taxable state). Most people are able to get by, but in case of a scrutiny not paying sales tax on online purchases may become an issue. 10. A Dull Shopping Experience: Many customers enjoy going to a mall or just the nearby bazaar and enjoy the ambiance and feel more social among other people. Online shopping can be boring for many and make you feel like a loner. 11. Restocking Fee: Most online stores have a restocking fee, specially on electronic items. Items that you buy in a store, can be opened within the store in front of an associate after purchase, and if there is an obvious defect you can return/exchange it without paying a restocking fee which is usually between 10 to 20 percent. 12. Spyware On Your Computer: Having a virus or a spyware is not the sellers fault but there is a risk of your personal data / credit card information, to be stolen right from your own computer. 13. Knowledge Of Operating A Computer: Older people in particular are not comfortable operating computer and they will never purchase online because of the same reason. 14. Deal Hunting Can Be Frustrating: It is common that the price of items are different on different sites. Some people find excitement in finding good deals online while others hate to check various sites to find the best price. Also online shopping can often become addictive. 15. Online Connectivity Issues: You add items in your online shopping cart, enter your credit card information and press â€Å"submit†. What if the confirmation screen times out due to connectivity issues. You do not know if the order went through correctly or not. Many people refresh the screen and little do they know that it may cause double billing / double ordering. 16. One Cannot Buy Low Priced Or Perishable Items On The Web: Small items like pencil, eraser, socks, water bottles etc.. are low priced items and shipping them will likely double the cost. You will always have to depend on regular stores for them. Similarly items like milk, fruits and vegetables are perishable items and cannot be ordered online. 17. One Cannot Buy Items That He/She Need ‘Right Now’: Disadvantage of online shopping includes inability of getting items in your possession quickly. Most good internet sites have taken adequate measures to overcome most of these disadvantages. An intelligent online shopper knows a lot more than a novice. Both regular stores and online shopping have advantages and disadvantages of their own. However, traditional shopping does have certain plus points. Immediate gratification that local brick and mortar shops provide is still liked by many people. If you want something right away, just now, getting it from a retail store is the only option. Seeing and touching a product is also an important factor for many people when they buy things. For example, most people would not buy a piece of expensive jewellery only on the basis of a picture on a website. The chances are slim for the Internet to capture a share of the market of industries which are more suitable for traditional shopping. While consumers can carry out research online for high priced items like properties and cars, people usually want to see the piece of real estate or visit a car showroom and test drive a car before finalizing a deal. A traditional retailer bestows the personalized human contact which is not available on the Internet. Besides, for many people shopping is a source of entertainment, almost a social rite. People like to handle things, especially clothes, feel the texture, and try them on to see how they look in them. For Our Study We took * Myntra was established by Mukesh Bansal, Ashutosh Lawania and Vineet Saxena in February 2007. Myntra’s headquarter is in Bangalore, with regional offices in New Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. * In 2010, the company shifted its strategy to becoming a B2C (business to customer) oriented firm, expanding its catalogue to fashion and lifestyle products. * Myntra.com is ranked among the top 10 e-commerce companies in India . In the last 3 years, Myntra has become the most popular destination for personalized products in the country. * Products :- * Men, Women, Kids Clothing * It Has About 20,000+ Styles, 350+ Brands and Counting! * It has the largest collection of the latest fashion and lifestyle products in India! * Myntra has tied up with top fashion and lifestyle brands in india, such as nike, reebok, puma, adidas, asics, lee, lotto, decathlon, fifa, john miller, indigo nation etc. * To offer a wide range of current season merchandise from these brands. Myntra currently offers products from more than 200 indian and international brands. These include shoes for running, tennis, football, basketball and fitness, along with casual footwear from world-renowned industry leaders like * There are also casual and dressy footwear for women from catwalk, carlton london and red tape to name a few. * Capabilities * Order processing and delivery: myntra attempts to order and ship every order within 24 hrs.it offers free shipping within india on all products it can ship internationally to all major countries. * Technological: myntra maintains its website which provides the only means by which a customer can make a purchase. * To maintain, upgrade and improve the website and the user experience, myntra employees many computer science engineers and experienced professionals. * Marketing: * Myntra has successfully used social networking websites facebook and twitter to expand its customer base. * Myntra positions itself as a fashionable new age brand. It launches major marketing campaigns every year. In february 2012, myntra rolled out an ooh (out of home) campaign across 2 cities to build brand awareness and promote online shopping. * Myntra has used mostly viral marketing and internet for its popularity coupled with occasional discounts and referral discounts. It can be given a rating of 3/5. * Revenue Model Myntra.com is an aggregator of many brands. Its business model is based on procuring current season merchandise from various brands and making them available on the portal at the same time as in respective retail brand outlets. All these products are offered to customers on mrp. It is a business to customer (b to c) revenue model. * Competitive Advantage * Competitive advantage in any e-commerce business can be due to a cost leadership or product differentiation or both. * In the case of Myntra the competitive advantage is mostly due to cost leadership * In special cases it also enjoys competitive advantage due to product differentiation. In case of IPL t- shirts the buyer can get his/her name imprinted on it. Also Myntra’s business model up till 2009 was of customized t-shirts and mugs etc which allowed it to have product differentiation. Recommendations When buying from online stores make sure to check out the following. * Does the online store value your privacy and confidentiality? Is their privacy policy available to read if you want to see it? * How long have they been in business? Are they reputed in business with great reviews from customers? * Does the online store have a way to contact them? * If you’re unhappy with your purchase, do they have a refund policy? If one take care of the above, Online shopping can be a very rewarding experience. Conclusion We think online shopping is great. We have grown an increase interest in doing most of our shopping online because of its convenience, no rush, and because you view everything in one place. The internet is can be shopping mall! However we think that there are items where traditional shopping has an edge over the online shopping. For example- while buying furniture like sofa, the feel of the sofa is very important. In traditional shopping one can come to the store and sit on the sofas to see if they like them or not. Many people are pickier than others and seeing the furniture online may seem like a good idea to them at first, but then they receive it and it’s a big disaster. Now, add the frustration of exchange/returns on a sofa you’re not happy with spells bigger disaster! we think that’s the only drawback. Other than that, online shopping is fun, convenient way to shop. Our only advice is be safe, be smart and make sure buying is done from a reputable website.

Environmental Scanning Essay

The environment is responsible for more company changes that the general public often realizes. The future of a company depends on the reaction that the company has to environmental changes. By not adapting to the changes, companies could ultimately end up failing. Recognizing that the environment is changing, businesses need to be able to adapt their products to keep up with new opportunities and balance a strategic fit between the environment and the company (Wheelen and Hunger, 2010). Toyota: A Responsibility to the Environment. Toyota led the revolution on economically friendly vehicles when the Toyota Prius was introduced in the United States in January 2009 (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). The Prius is the first in a long line of cars since 2009 to be marketing towards not producing dangerous emissions harmful to the environment. Toyota recognized the need for more energy efficient cars to reduce and adapted to meet the need. This quick move resulted in Toyota standing out as a leader within the automobile industry. In 2011, Toyota introduced the Fifth Toyota Environmental Action Plan. This action plan sets the precedence for standards for 2020 through 2030. The three themes throughout the action plan is construction of a low-carbon society, construction of a recycling-based society, and the construction of a society that coexists with nature and environmental conservation (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). Toyota is committed to developing the next generation of vehicles that rely on clean energy such as electricity rather than fuel. Toyota also will ensure market acceptance of these new vehicles by having these vehicles stand out with different characteristics that customers will want to have (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). Toyota is seeking to stimulate the hybrid vehicle market by introducing new models and expanding the hybrid vehicle market field (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). Toyota is also working with consumers directly by implementing initiatives by promoting eco-driving as well as providing traffic-flow improvement using current IT & ITS technologies (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). By asserting Toyota as an industry leader in hybrid vehicle technology, Toyota has a competitive advantage. Making the action plan public information as well as focusing all future technology around this plan, Toyota is displaying dedication to the environment as well as dedication to what customers want. By making these goals public, Toyota has a responsibility to ensure the effectiveness of their plan. Toyota will measure the effectiveness of the action plan by working with the REACH Regulation to ensure the goals they set forth are being met (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). The REACH Regulation focuses on minimizing the impact of chemical substances on the environment as well as people and provide corporations with insight on responsibly managing the use of chemical substances (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). Toyota also plans on working with government agencies to ensure that environmental goals are being met (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). In 2008, Toyota began the process of registering products either directly or indirectly used in the manufacturing of their vehicles (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). In 2009, Toyota announced that only 15 supplies used in vehicle manufacturing were substances of high concern, and began to change these products for products that match REACH regulation (â€Å"The fifth toyota,† 2011). By working closely with REACH and other government agencies, Toyota is able to keep constant measure of their success in their environmentally based action plan. Florida Power and Light: Clean Energy for a Clean Future Florida Power and Light is committed to changing based on environmental needs. No longer is it possible for electric companies to operate with fossil fuels alone. Florida Power and Light uses a mix of fuels at their power plants in order to generate clean energy (â€Å"Our commitment to,† 2014). Due to this mix of fuels, Florida Power and Light is recognized as a clean energy company with one of the lowest emission rates (the emission rate is currently 35% better than the industry average) and obtains most energy from clean-burning natural gas (â€Å"Our commitment to,† 2014). This year, Florida Power and Light began operation at three emissions-free solar energy facilities in Florida (INSERT). By using clean energy, Florida Power and Light is number two in the country for energy efficiency and offers one of the lowest energy charges in the state to their customers (â€Å"Our commitment to,† 2014). Florida Power and Light is committed to being held accountable as a leader in energy efficiency. By working closely with the U. S. Department of Energy, Florida Power and Light can stay up to date on how to follow their current plan on power plant modernization process. Florida Power and Energy also updates the Florida Public Service Commission on a regular basis to ensure they are complying with the standards for clean energy (â€Å"Our commitment to,† 2014). The parent company of Florida Power and Light, Nextera Energy, makes their governing documents, policies and procedures public knowledge and files in compliance with government agencies to ensure that they are meeting the environmental needs necessary (â€Å"Our commitment to,† 2014). Since the U. S. Department of Energy must oversee all power plants in the United States, Florida Power and Light will have to successfully maintain effective clean energy to not only operate within standards, but to continue to be a leader in the field of power and energy. Performing an environmental scan is important to companies due to constant change. The environment is in a constant state of change. If companies do not recognize this change, they will fail to adapt to the needs of the current economic conditions. By failing to change, companies run the risk of becoming obsolete in the new environment and are no longer able to operate. By performing environmental scans, companies can gage where changes need to be made and how to be leaders in their field on how to successfully execute making the necessary changes in order to remain relevant. References The fifth toyota environmental action plan (fy2011-fy2015). (2011). Retrieved from http://www. toyota-global. com/sustainability/environmental_responsibility/action_plan/fifth_plan4. html Our commitment to the environment. (2014). Retrieved from http://www. fpl. com/environment/commitment. shtml Wheelen, T. L. , & Hunger, J. D. (2010). Concepts in strategic management and business policy: Achieving sustainability (12th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

SWOT and 4 P’s analysis

Fort Jesus is a company incorporated to manage and run Fort Jesus tourist attraction facility in a tourist attraction centre. The company has been in business for over years and it attracts customers from al over the world. The target market of the customers includes historians, holiday makers and other people who want to learn about slave trade and Arab-Portugal war. The company has much strength and weaknesses which make the company exist.   Fort Jesus at the time of incorporation was a viable concept in an industry that was growing in all sectors. The target customers want an actively engaged in exploration, learning, discovering, entertaining, and holiday making. Fort Jesus has an advantage as the only company with a vision of exploring history about the Arab and the Portugal war in the coastal towns of Africa. The industry they operate in ha very few competitors and growth has been observed in every company that is operating to the industry. The company has cashed in since it is infancy on the expanding and high growth of market to accumulate huge financial resources that enables them to collect traditional artifacts from various parts of the continent and other continents. The company offers services such as traditional dances including the Brazil samba dance, the Mijikenda dance, the Hindu dance and the Chinese acrobatics. This has assisted the company to move to greater heights in terms of market share. They have also contracted international media companies like CNN to market them as the best museum to visit to get what you cannot get somewhere else. Fort Jesus objectives are to consider what works and what does not work. Through this, they have carried out research about various museums and attractions to museum and discover that the best concept is to bring majority of collections from various parts of the world. The company has employed the best human resources in marketing and customer care who receives customers and markets the services of the company to various groups in various parts of the world. The company also has participated in various trade fairs, marketing, tourism attraction centers including the Chinese 2008 Olympic trade fair which was to market some tourist attraction centers in China. The services of Fort Jesus are well priced to attract customers of various categories. However, the market of the company is segmented into foreign and locals. The company is well positioned in an area that attracts tourists of all walks of life. It is also nearer to a university that specializes in Art and Museum education. It is at the center of an international airport and the second deepest port in the world. The road networks of the area where the museum is situated is well maintained thus any visitor thus any visitor will have no problem of accessing the facility. The company’s biggest challenge is competition from other facilities from similar companies operating in various parts of the world who are also collecting traditional artifacts from various parts of the world to create a niche of products. The growth in the industry is encouraging although there is a pattern that protects some of the artifacts from being accessed. REFERENCES Armstrong G. & Kotler P. (2007). Consumer Markets: Influences on consumer behavior, Principles of Marketing. ICMR Case Studies and Management Resources. (2007). Consumer Behavior. Retrieved January 20, 2008 from http://www.icmrindia.org/courseware/Consumer%20Behavior/CBC03.htlm      Kotler, P. (2005) Principles of Marketing. New York.Melbourne Press Schaik J.L., (2002); The Task of Marketing Management; J.L. van Schaik (Pity) ltd Winer, R.S. (2007). Marketing Management, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.                                          

What atmosphere does Lorca create in Blood Wedding and how does he create it?

The classical and highly acknowledged play Blood Wedding by Federico Garcia Lorca delivers many symbols and similes which communicates the themes of the play and also create an atmosphere which Lorca directs as he wants it. With an excellent skill of writing Lorca draws the audience into the surreal play with this intense atmosphere. It also makes the spectators understand the deeper meaning of the tale. The atmosphere in the play is ever changing. It starts out as a heavy dark sinister foreboding, the semi-subconscious sense that death will take place in the play with the mentioning of the knife. When it is known that a marriage is to take place the atmosphere is slightly lifted in the joyous occasion. However Lorca quickly shows the conflicts that are taking place within Leonardo and the Bride, and also between them, and the now almost obvious menace that hangs over the setting. The realisation of Leonardo and the Bride's act, confirming the growing tension, now gives expectations of the murder that has been suspected from the start. With the introduction of the Beggar and the Moon there is a violent and an intimidating atmosphere that is abruptly replaced by the calm sorrow of the last scene. It is easy to see how contradicting and profoundly complex the atmospheres are to each other through each scene, which then gives each more attention from the audience because of this. In the beginning when the Bridegroom and Mother are talking about something as common as the every-day job of going out to gather food it does not indicate any tension that will soon appear. However as soon as Mother curses the knife, â€Å"Damn the knife, damn them all and the devil who brought them into the world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Act 1, Scene 1) it is immediately clear that knife it something much more sinister than simply to cut grapes. The sudden contradiction and the fact that this particular symbol will dominate the play strongly marks the dark atmosphere. The constant mentioning of death indicates that this is, as Lorca meant to say, inevitable. This menacing atmosphere never leaves, but stays in the background through the play, since it is obvious that death will sooner or later take place. The tension rises when marriage is mentioned and it is immediately very clear that conflicting forces are behind these events. Leonardo and the Bride's apparent dislike to their marriages which is seen very early on with Leonardo's outbursts, â€Å"Why can't you just shut up?† (Act 1, Scene 2) and the Bride's aggressive manner, â€Å"taking her wrists Leave them!† (Act 1, Scene 3) confirms that trouble is rising on the horizon and, since the foreshadowing of death is already present, it leaves a breathless feeling, a surge of knowledge of what will happen. The actions of the characters also contribute to the atmosphere. When Leonardo at the wedding party keeps coming and going it gives him a sort of constant menacing aura that reminds us that this occasion is full of contradiction within. At the point when the Bride and Leonardo runs off and people starts to chase them it is like an explosion of events that has been predicted from the very beginning of the play. The Moon's bloody and violent personality and its conversation with the Beggar tell of the murder that by now is already known to come to be. â€Å"Tonight, I want a heart split wide so that I may warm myself. A human heart for me!† (Act 3, Scene 1) However, it gives that little extra tension from the fact that the Moon may or may not be there to shine and reveal Leonardo and the Bride. â€Å"Quickly! Light†¦light everywhere. Do you here? They mustn't escape.† (Beggar) (Act 3, Scene 1) The tale of Blood Wedding is told through usually short sentences. This very plain language gives us the sense of the straightforwardness of the peasant community, which then reassures us of an uneventful and calm society. This makes the different atmospheres in the play stand out, as they are certainly neither uneventful nor calm. The colours of each scene are also very important to bring forth the right kind of atmosphere and also the moral notions of the play. For example in the first scene the room is coloured yellow. People might interpret the meaning of colours differently but in the western world yellow is generally considered as the colour of treachery and infidelity. It makes a feeling of what might be expected to happen later on in the scene. There is also used music, â€Å"two violins†, to enhance the atmosphere. Personally I would expect the music that is played as a sad melody with a slight echo to it. This would create an atmosphere which would confirm even more the coming murder, but as there a few indications that the Bride and Leonardo might make it, for example the constant reappearing of the Moon, it makes the uncertainty stand out as the audience is suddenly left to wonder what will happen next. The complete transformation of atmosphere in the last scene is so sudden and unexpected that it leaves a sort of echo of the last scene. With this melancholy calmness it is also easier to bring about the more moralistic purposes of the play without the too fierce tensions that keeps the audience more focused on the events than the message of Blood Wedding. The women weeping and mourning for the dead is also a very good way to give a final feeling that makes the audience understand that the play is over and what consequences it brought, that is death. Lorca uses many skilful ways to make the atmosphere through Blood Wedding. With gestures, colour, music and symbolism the Spanish writer displays a very artistically body created for the play. It is as though Lorca decided to build up such a tense atmosphere just to make the audience hang on to every single word and so pay more attention to the final point made in the last scene, the fact that the Spanish society is very oppressed and that women are kept captured in it even when the men are dead and gone.

The effects of overfishing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The effects of overfishing - Essay Example The earth has various different natural resources, which are utilized by persons living in different geographical region. The number of people consuming fish is high as consumers are spread all over the world. As a means of getting resources for carrying on with their daily lives, many people residing around various water bodies indulge in fishing. In a bid to increase their income, fishermen usually strive to fish more; more fish implies more returns on investment. This practice is also practiced by commercial industries in a bid to maximize the profits realized. This leads to overfishing, which have adverse effects on the marine life, as some species of fish may become extinct (Ebbbin, Hoel & Sydes, 2005). The world’s population has been on the increase, which has necessitated the increase of the amount of food, and other resources required in order to support human life. Due to the increase in population, which translates to higher demand, there has been the need to increase the supply of fish. Therefore, the increased fish demand is satisfied through natural fishing or fish farming (Hilborn, 2012). In the case of fish farming, overfishing is not common with the farmers using certified nets while fishing; thus, ensuring that the fingerings are left in the ponds or dams. On the other hand, overfishing is rampant in wildlife fishing, where personal displine in adhering to the guidelines set to avoid overfishing is low. Wildlife overfishing has led to decline in the number of fish in the wildlife; thus having a negative effect on the diversity and richness of our environment. Overfishing has economic consequences to various stakeholders in the fishing and aquaculture industry. When overfishing is carried out, authorities in charge usually impose ban to fishing for certain periods to ensure that the fish breeds to the normal population. These bans make fishermen jobless; thus, affecting their living standards and of those who depend on them.

Job interview questions (Advertising) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Job interview questions (Advertising) - Essay Example While working, I allocate adequate question time to my team members in order to attain the feedback. My objective is to involve all individuals in the decision making process. In this regard, I use democracy leadership style. I value this style since it creates a good working relationship between leaders and members of an organization. I like seeking the opinions of others during my leadership. As a result, once I make changes in the benefits program for example by introducing a computer course, there is no resistance to change from the workers since they are involved in the plan. One of the challenges faced by sales team is lack of product awareness. I will tackle this challenge by coming up with roadside shows in road junction and public places especially during the weekends. As a result, more potential consumers will be aware of our brands (Matt, 2005). I will also create songs that our sales team will sing while advertising in the television. By use of IT, and in collaboration with company designers, I will come up with well-designed advertisements that inform the customer about our brands once they are launched in the market. My objective is to have a strong marketing team and effective PR that is able to handle customer complaints. Using face book and twitter, I will come up with a group that our consumers will join as friends thus creating a strong positive customer-brand relationship. As an intern, I came up with an innovative idea of using plastic bags that were green and recyclable. In this way, there was minimum pollution within our premises as well as in the neighborhood. I value teamwork and assisting individual members to achieve their goals. However, at one time I experienced a challenge when some members of my team were involved in a conflict resulting to failure to achieve our objectives. To address this problem, I arranged a meeting with each of the member, then with both of them and lastly we solved the issue and the positive

Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marketing Plan - Essay Example Competition from Blackpool Beach will decrease income from both inbound international tourism and local tourism by a considerable margin (between 8-10%). iii. With the tourism in Scotland on the rise (VisitScotland 2012), our competitors will institute new facilities and recreational activities for the summer season before March 2014. Marketing Objectives Aberdeen Beach offers a serene, beautiful and relaxing environment for tourists, both local and international. Apart from coming up with a mission statement that is both marketing oriented and consumer-focused, Aberdeen City Council should create an objective to attain cumulative growth in tourism volume of at least 60% over the next three years. At least 30% of this tourism growth should result from local tourist and from new facilities that offer activities that are non-seasonal or are generally undertaken during the off-peak period. Aberdeen beach should also institute efforts to capture over 25% of the tourism market share in th e area within the next 3 years. This will make sure that it is the biggest tourist destination in the area. Better facilities and activities that take advantage of off-peak tourism will ensure that it offers valid competition to Blackpool beach. To accomplish the various marketing objectives laid down, the Aberdeen City Council should put benchmarks in place to assess progress. Frequent evaluation of these objectives will offer feedback and potential remedial actions on a timely basis. The chief marketing objective is to improve the perceptions tourists as well as the locals have about the Aberdeen Beach. Since Aberdeen beach has been slowly losing both the local and the international tourists, it must not be satisfying its current consumers. The city council should review the problems that hinder success and use it to not only keep its current tourism base but encourage new international and local tourists to the area. To improve success, benchmarks should be developed to understan d how the city council can improve the experience of tourists to the beach through knowledge of tourist’s needs and specific opportunities for instituting new recreational facilities. The benchmarks should be developed through market research as well as the City Council’s marketing information system. Another objective should be the institution of an education program that will serve to educate the local residents about the issue of climate change and the rising flood risk in the area. The City Council should collaborate with the local residents in efforts to conserve and restore the beach (Robert Gordon 2013). The City Council should also create a new office that deals with beach security and cleanliness. It should interact with local residents and set up an institution that deals with cleaning up the beach and ensuring that companies and other individuals do not use the beach as a dumping point. According to Chan, Leung, and Wong (2006) collaborative environment rest oration efforts can be utilized as a means of advertisement both for local consumers and international. It should also collaborate with local law enforcement to ensure that visitors to the beach are safe. Marketing Strategies A. Target Markets Target Market 1: The first target market is the local tourists. Posters and customized calendars showing the beauty of Aberdeen beach could help reconnect with the local population. The Beach has also received bad

A literature review of brand loyalty from marketing aspect

A of brand loyalty from marketing aspect - Literature review Example Having loyal customers reduces the firm’s marketing cost by approximately thirty percent, according to Rosenberg and Czepiel (1983), mostly because the cost of retaining old consumers is reduced. In addition, brand loyal clients are less price sensitive thus the are willing to pay more for the products as long as they are from their favourite brand, this is a strategy that Apple Inc has used for many years and is still profiting from their loyal consumers who flood to the Apple stores to get new products (Bennett and Thiele 2005). Generally, a sturdy brand name is the number one tool to control the market and to posses a competitive advantage which is essential for any business growth and thus brand loyalty offers a strategic asset that is identified as the leading source of brand equity (Fullerton 2005). This literature review will solemnly study brand loyalty which refers to maintaining old consumers due to their love, trust and faith in the firm’s products. The objectives of this review are to review the dimensions and measures of brand loyalty, the causes of brand loyalty decline, the root of decline in brand loyalty, the remedies and analyze both the merits and demerits of brand loyalty by bringing together thoughts and experiences from a variety of literature and pragmatic studies conducted in the area of brand loyalty. Brand loyalty can be defined either conceptually (abstract descriptions) or operationally (measurement methods). Based on research journals and several literatures worldwide, Jacoby and Chestnut (1978), presented the most elaborate conceptual definition of brand loyalty since it covers the most significant features of brand loyalty. â€Å"The biased, behavioural response expressed over time by some decision making unit with respect to one or more alternative brands out of a set of such brands and is a function of psychological